Abstract
The lakes of Hanoi are important water resources for urban agriculture. The concentrations of 17α-ethinylestradiol in the water of three major lakes were found to range from 0.1 to 9.1 ng/L, peaking during the rainy season. Effects at levels from 1 ng/L to 1 µg/L on the germination of mung bean (Vigna radiata) and bok choy (Brassica rapa) were studied. Soaking the seeds in solutions containing 17α-ethinylestradiol at 10 ng/L and higher increased the germination rate of mung bean but not of bok choy. For the latter, irrigation after sowing with solutions containing 17α-ethinylestradiol at 10 ng/L and higher accelerated germination. Abbreviations: MNRE: Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment; PE60: Population equivalent; USGS: U.S. Geological Survey; SPE: Solid phase extraction; EDTA: Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate; HPLC: High performance liquid chromatography; ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; DOM: Dissolved organic matter; EEQ: Estradiol equivalent.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 420-432 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry |
Volume | 101 |
Issue number | 7-8 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2019 Sept 14 |
Keywords
- 17α-ethinylestradiol
- estrogen-active compound
- estrogenic activity
- germination rate
- lake
- urban agriculture
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Environmental Chemistry
- Pollution
- Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis