Abstract
We present a catalog of sources detected above 50 GeV by the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) in 80 months of data. The newly delivered Pass 8 event-level analysis allows the detection and characterization of sources in the 50 GeV-2 TeV energy range. In this energy band, Fermi-LAT has detected 360 sources, which constitute the second catalog of hard Fermi-LAT sources (2FHL). The improved angular resolution enables the precise localization of point sources (∼1.′7 radius at 68% C. L.) and the detection and characterization of spatially extended sources. We find that 86% of the sources can be associated with counterparts at other wavelengths, of which the majority (75%) are active galactic nuclei and the rest (11%) are Galactic sources. Only 25% of the 2FHL sources have been previously detected by Cherenkov telescopes, implying that the 2FHL provides a reservoir of candidates to be followed up at very high energies. This work closes the energy gap between the observations performed at GeV energies by Fermi-LAT on orbit and the observations performed at higher energies by Cherenkov telescopes from the ground.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 5 |
| Journal | Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series |
| Volume | 222 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2016 Jan |
Keywords
- catalogs
- gamma-rays: general
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Space and Planetary Science
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2FHL : The SECOND CATALOG of HARD FERMI-LAT SOURCES. / Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Atwood, W. B.; Baldini, L.; Ballet, J.; Barbiellini, G.; Bastieri, D.; Gonzalez, J. Becerra; Bellazzini, R.; Bissaldi, E.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bonino, R.; Bottacini, E.; Brandt, T. J.; Bregeon, J.; Bruel, P.; Buehler, R.; Buson, S.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Caputo, R.; Caragiulo, M.; Caraveo, P. A.; Cavazzuti, E.; Cecchi, C.; Charles, E.; Chekhtman, A.; Cheung, C. C.; Chiang, J.; Chiaro, G.; Ciprini, S.; Cohen, J. M.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Cominsky, L. R.; Conrad, J.; Cuoco, A.; Cutini, S.; D'Ammando, F.; Angelis, A. De; Palma, F. De; Desiante, R.; Mauro, M. Di; Venere, L. Di; Domínguez, A.; Drell, P. S.; Favuzzi, C.; Fegan, S. J.; Ferrara, E. C.; Focke, W. B.; Fortin, P.; Franckowiak, A.; Fukazawa, Y.; Funk, S.; Furniss, A. K.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Gasparrini, D.; Giglietto, N.; Giommi, P.; Giordano, F.; Giroletti, M.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Grenier, I. A.; Grondin, M. H.; Guillemot, L.; Guiriec, S.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; Hewitt, J. W.; Hill, A. B.; Horan, D.; Iafrate, G.; Hartmann, Dieter; Jogler, T.; Jóhannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kataoka, J.; Knödlseder, J.; Kuss, M.; Mura, G. La; Larsson, S.; Latronico, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Li, J.; Li, L.; Longo, F.; Loparco, F.; Lott, B.; Lovellette, M. N.; Lubrano, P.; Madejski, G. M.; Maldera, S.; Manfreda, A.; Mayer, M.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Michelson, P. F.; Mirabal, N.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Mizuno, T.; Moiseev, A. A.; Monzani, M. E.; Morselli, A.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nuss, E.; Ohsugi, T.; Omodei, N.; Orienti, M.; Orlando, E.; Ormes, J. F.; Paneque, D.; Perkins, J. S.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Petrosian, V.; Piron, F.; Pivato, G.; Porter, T. A.; Rainò, S.; Rando, R.; Razzano, M.; Razzaque, S.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Reposeur, T.; Romani, R. W.; Sánchez-Conde, M.; Parkinson, P. M.Saz; Schmid, J.; Schulz, A.; Sgrò, C.; Siskind, E. J.; Spada, F.; Spandre, G.; Spinelli, P.; Suson, D. J.; Tajima, H.; Takahashi, H.; Takahashi, M.; Takahashi, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thompson, D. J.; Tibaldo, L.; Torres, D. F.; Tosti, G.; Troja, E.; Vianello, G.; Wood, K. S.; Wood, M.; Yassine, M.; Zaharijas, G.; Zimmer, S.
In: Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series, Vol. 222, No. 1, 5, 01.2016.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - 2FHL
T2 - The SECOND CATALOG of HARD FERMI-LAT SOURCES
AU - Ackermann, M.
AU - Ajello, M.
AU - Atwood, W. B.
AU - Baldini, L.
AU - Ballet, J.
AU - Barbiellini, G.
AU - Bastieri, D.
AU - Gonzalez, J. Becerra
AU - Bellazzini, R.
AU - Bissaldi, E.
AU - Blandford, R. D.
AU - Bloom, E. D.
AU - Bonino, R.
AU - Bottacini, E.
AU - Brandt, T. J.
AU - Bregeon, J.
AU - Bruel, P.
AU - Buehler, R.
AU - Buson, S.
AU - Caliandro, G. A.
AU - Cameron, R. A.
AU - Caputo, R.
AU - Caragiulo, M.
AU - Caraveo, P. A.
AU - Cavazzuti, E.
AU - Cecchi, C.
AU - Charles, E.
AU - Chekhtman, A.
AU - Cheung, C. C.
AU - Chiang, J.
AU - Chiaro, G.
AU - Ciprini, S.
AU - Cohen, J. M.
AU - Cohen-Tanugi, J.
AU - Cominsky, L. R.
AU - Conrad, J.
AU - Cuoco, A.
AU - Cutini, S.
AU - D'Ammando, F.
AU - Angelis, A. De
AU - Palma, F. De
AU - Desiante, R.
AU - Mauro, M. Di
AU - Venere, L. Di
AU - Domínguez, A.
AU - Drell, P. S.
AU - Favuzzi, C.
AU - Fegan, S. J.
AU - Ferrara, E. C.
AU - Focke, W. B.
AU - Fortin, P.
AU - Franckowiak, A.
AU - Fukazawa, Y.
AU - Funk, S.
AU - Furniss, A. K.
AU - Fusco, P.
AU - Gargano, F.
AU - Gasparrini, D.
AU - Giglietto, N.
AU - Giommi, P.
AU - Giordano, F.
AU - Giroletti, M.
AU - Glanzman, T.
AU - Godfrey, G.
AU - Grenier, I. A.
AU - Grondin, M. H.
AU - Guillemot, L.
AU - Guiriec, S.
AU - Harding, A. K.
AU - Hays, E.
AU - Hewitt, J. W.
AU - Hill, A. B.
AU - Horan, D.
AU - Iafrate, G.
AU - Hartmann, Dieter
AU - Jogler, T.
AU - Jóhannesson, G.
AU - Johnson, A. S.
AU - Kamae, T.
AU - Kataoka, J.
AU - Knödlseder, J.
AU - Kuss, M.
AU - Mura, G. La
AU - Larsson, S.
AU - Latronico, L.
AU - Lemoine-Goumard, M.
AU - Li, J.
AU - Li, L.
AU - Longo, F.
AU - Loparco, F.
AU - Lott, B.
AU - Lovellette, M. N.
AU - Lubrano, P.
AU - Madejski, G. M.
AU - Maldera, S.
AU - Manfreda, A.
AU - Mayer, M.
AU - Mazziotta, M. N.
AU - Michelson, P. F.
AU - Mirabal, N.
AU - Mitthumsiri, W.
AU - Mizuno, T.
AU - Moiseev, A. A.
AU - Monzani, M. E.
AU - Morselli, A.
AU - Moskalenko, I. V.
AU - Murgia, S.
AU - Nuss, E.
AU - Ohsugi, T.
AU - Omodei, N.
AU - Orienti, M.
AU - Orlando, E.
AU - Ormes, J. F.
AU - Paneque, D.
AU - Perkins, J. S.
AU - Pesce-Rollins, M.
AU - Petrosian, V.
AU - Piron, F.
AU - Pivato, G.
AU - Porter, T. A.
AU - Rainò, S.
AU - Rando, R.
AU - Razzano, M.
AU - Razzaque, S.
AU - Reimer, A.
AU - Reimer, O.
AU - Reposeur, T.
AU - Romani, R. W.
AU - Sánchez-Conde, M.
AU - Parkinson, P. M.Saz
AU - Schmid, J.
AU - Schulz, A.
AU - Sgrò, C.
AU - Siskind, E. J.
AU - Spada, F.
AU - Spandre, G.
AU - Spinelli, P.
AU - Suson, D. J.
AU - Tajima, H.
AU - Takahashi, H.
AU - Takahashi, M.
AU - Takahashi, T.
AU - Thayer, J. B.
AU - Thompson, D. J.
AU - Tibaldo, L.
AU - Torres, D. F.
AU - Tosti, G.
AU - Troja, E.
AU - Vianello, G.
AU - Wood, K. S.
AU - Wood, M.
AU - Yassine, M.
AU - Zaharijas, G.
AU - Zimmer, S.
N1 - Funding Information: The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat ? l?Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucl?aire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K.?A.?Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d??tudes Spatiales in France. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. Publisher Copyright: © 2016. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
PY - 2016/1
Y1 - 2016/1
N2 - We present a catalog of sources detected above 50 GeV by the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) in 80 months of data. The newly delivered Pass 8 event-level analysis allows the detection and characterization of sources in the 50 GeV-2 TeV energy range. In this energy band, Fermi-LAT has detected 360 sources, which constitute the second catalog of hard Fermi-LAT sources (2FHL). The improved angular resolution enables the precise localization of point sources (∼1.′7 radius at 68% C. L.) and the detection and characterization of spatially extended sources. We find that 86% of the sources can be associated with counterparts at other wavelengths, of which the majority (75%) are active galactic nuclei and the rest (11%) are Galactic sources. Only 25% of the 2FHL sources have been previously detected by Cherenkov telescopes, implying that the 2FHL provides a reservoir of candidates to be followed up at very high energies. This work closes the energy gap between the observations performed at GeV energies by Fermi-LAT on orbit and the observations performed at higher energies by Cherenkov telescopes from the ground.
AB - We present a catalog of sources detected above 50 GeV by the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) in 80 months of data. The newly delivered Pass 8 event-level analysis allows the detection and characterization of sources in the 50 GeV-2 TeV energy range. In this energy band, Fermi-LAT has detected 360 sources, which constitute the second catalog of hard Fermi-LAT sources (2FHL). The improved angular resolution enables the precise localization of point sources (∼1.′7 radius at 68% C. L.) and the detection and characterization of spatially extended sources. We find that 86% of the sources can be associated with counterparts at other wavelengths, of which the majority (75%) are active galactic nuclei and the rest (11%) are Galactic sources. Only 25% of the 2FHL sources have been previously detected by Cherenkov telescopes, implying that the 2FHL provides a reservoir of candidates to be followed up at very high energies. This work closes the energy gap between the observations performed at GeV energies by Fermi-LAT on orbit and the observations performed at higher energies by Cherenkov telescopes from the ground.
KW - catalogs
KW - gamma-rays: general
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84955482407&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84955482407&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3847/0067-0049/222/1/5
DO - 10.3847/0067-0049/222/1/5
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84955482407
VL - 222
JO - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
JF - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
SN - 0067-0049
IS - 1
M1 - 5
ER -