ABC transporters and cell wall proteins involved in organic solvent tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Pleiotropic drug resistance 1 (Pdr1p) protein is a key transcription factor in multidrug resistance. Specifically, R821S point mutation in the PDR1 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae diploid KK-211 strain plays an important role in tolerance to hydrophobic organic solvents, though the molecular mechanisms underlying organic solvent tolerance are unclear. In KK-211, several ABC transporters and cell wall proteins were upregulated. PDR1 R821S mutant derived from the laboratory haploid strain MT8-1 confirmatively tolerated hydrophobic organic solvents, and this study is the first to reveal its tolerance of the hydrophilic organic solvent, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). To identify the genes involved in the organic solvent tolerance, we focused on the upregulated 4 ABC transporters and 6 cell wall proteins in KK-211, and demonstrated 2 ABC transporters, Pdr10p and Snq2p, and the 4 cell wall proteins, Wsc3p, Pry3p, Pir1p, and Ynl190wp were responsible for hydrophobic organic solvent (n-decane and n-undecane) tolerance. Tolerance to the hydrophilic organic solvent, DMSO, was facilitated by the overproduction of 2 ABC transporters, Snq2p and Yor1p and, 3 cell wall proteins, Wsc3p, Pry3p, and Ynl190wp. Our results suggest that overexpression of genes encoding proteins effective for tolerance to specific organic solvents would enable enhanced tolerances for practical use.