Abstract
Although evening preference has recently been identified as a risk factor for depression, it has not been substantiated whether evening preference is a direct risk factor for depressive states, or if it is associated secondarily through other factors, such as delayed sleep timing and shortened sleep duration. The objective of this study is to investigate associations in Japanese adult subjects between evening preference and incidence of depressive states, adjusting for various sleep parameters related to depressive states. The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) were administered to 1170 individuals (493 males/677 females; mean and range 38.5 and 20-59 yrs) to assess their diurnal preferences, sleeping states, and presence of depression symptoms. Subjects were classified into five chronotypes based on MEQ scores. Evening preference was associated with delayed sleep timing, shortened sleep duration, deteriorated subjective sleep quality, and worsened daytime sleepiness. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the extreme evening type (odds ratio [OR] = 1.926, p = .018) was associated with increased incidence of depressive states and that the extreme morning type (OR = 0.342, p = .038) was associated with the decreased incidence of depressive states, independent of sleep parameters, such as nocturnal awakening (OR = 1.844, p<.001), subjective sleep quality (OR = 2.471, p<.001), and daytime sleepiness (OR = 1.895, p < .001). However, no significant associations were observed between the incidence of depressive states and sleep duration, sleep timing, and sleep debt (levels of insufficient sleep). Although the findings of this study do not demonstrate a causative relationship between evening preference and depression, they do suggest the presence of functional associations between mood adjustment and biological clock systems that regulate diurnal preference. They also suggest that evening preference might increase susceptibility to the induction of mood disorders.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1797-1812 |
| Number of pages | 16 |
| Journal | Chronobiology International |
| Volume | 27 |
| Issue number | 9-10 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2010 Dec |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Chronotype
- Circadian rhythms
- Depression
- Eveningness
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Sleep
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physiology
- Physiology (medical)
Cite this
Evening preference is related to the incidence of depressive states independent of sleep-wake conditions. / Kitamura, Shingo; Hida, Akiko; Watanabe, Makiko; Enomoto, Minori; Aritake-Okada, Sayaka; Moriguchi, Yoshiya; Kamei, Yuichi; Mishima, Kazuo.
In: Chronobiology International, Vol. 27, No. 9-10, 12.2010, p. 1797-1812.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Evening preference is related to the incidence of depressive states independent of sleep-wake conditions
AU - Kitamura, Shingo
AU - Hida, Akiko
AU - Watanabe, Makiko
AU - Enomoto, Minori
AU - Aritake-Okada, Sayaka
AU - Moriguchi, Yoshiya
AU - Kamei, Yuichi
AU - Mishima, Kazuo
PY - 2010/12
Y1 - 2010/12
N2 - Although evening preference has recently been identified as a risk factor for depression, it has not been substantiated whether evening preference is a direct risk factor for depressive states, or if it is associated secondarily through other factors, such as delayed sleep timing and shortened sleep duration. The objective of this study is to investigate associations in Japanese adult subjects between evening preference and incidence of depressive states, adjusting for various sleep parameters related to depressive states. The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) were administered to 1170 individuals (493 males/677 females; mean and range 38.5 and 20-59 yrs) to assess their diurnal preferences, sleeping states, and presence of depression symptoms. Subjects were classified into five chronotypes based on MEQ scores. Evening preference was associated with delayed sleep timing, shortened sleep duration, deteriorated subjective sleep quality, and worsened daytime sleepiness. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the extreme evening type (odds ratio [OR] = 1.926, p = .018) was associated with increased incidence of depressive states and that the extreme morning type (OR = 0.342, p = .038) was associated with the decreased incidence of depressive states, independent of sleep parameters, such as nocturnal awakening (OR = 1.844, p<.001), subjective sleep quality (OR = 2.471, p<.001), and daytime sleepiness (OR = 1.895, p < .001). However, no significant associations were observed between the incidence of depressive states and sleep duration, sleep timing, and sleep debt (levels of insufficient sleep). Although the findings of this study do not demonstrate a causative relationship between evening preference and depression, they do suggest the presence of functional associations between mood adjustment and biological clock systems that regulate diurnal preference. They also suggest that evening preference might increase susceptibility to the induction of mood disorders.
AB - Although evening preference has recently been identified as a risk factor for depression, it has not been substantiated whether evening preference is a direct risk factor for depressive states, or if it is associated secondarily through other factors, such as delayed sleep timing and shortened sleep duration. The objective of this study is to investigate associations in Japanese adult subjects between evening preference and incidence of depressive states, adjusting for various sleep parameters related to depressive states. The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) were administered to 1170 individuals (493 males/677 females; mean and range 38.5 and 20-59 yrs) to assess their diurnal preferences, sleeping states, and presence of depression symptoms. Subjects were classified into five chronotypes based on MEQ scores. Evening preference was associated with delayed sleep timing, shortened sleep duration, deteriorated subjective sleep quality, and worsened daytime sleepiness. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the extreme evening type (odds ratio [OR] = 1.926, p = .018) was associated with increased incidence of depressive states and that the extreme morning type (OR = 0.342, p = .038) was associated with the decreased incidence of depressive states, independent of sleep parameters, such as nocturnal awakening (OR = 1.844, p<.001), subjective sleep quality (OR = 2.471, p<.001), and daytime sleepiness (OR = 1.895, p < .001). However, no significant associations were observed between the incidence of depressive states and sleep duration, sleep timing, and sleep debt (levels of insufficient sleep). Although the findings of this study do not demonstrate a causative relationship between evening preference and depression, they do suggest the presence of functional associations between mood adjustment and biological clock systems that regulate diurnal preference. They also suggest that evening preference might increase susceptibility to the induction of mood disorders.
KW - Chronotype
KW - Circadian rhythms
KW - Depression
KW - Eveningness
KW - Neuropsychopharmacology
KW - Sleep
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=78049232386&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=78049232386&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3109/07420528.2010.516705
DO - 10.3109/07420528.2010.516705
M3 - Article
VL - 27
SP - 1797
EP - 1812
JO - Annual Review of Chronopharmacology
JF - Annual Review of Chronopharmacology
SN - 0743-9539
IS - 9-10
ER -