Fate of lead oxide during thermal treatment with tetrabromobisphenol A

Sylwia Oleszek; Mariusz Grzegorz Grabda; Etsuro Shibata; Takashi Nakamura

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.07.028

Fate of lead oxide during thermal treatment with tetrabromobisphenol A

Sylwia Oleszek, Mariusz Grzegorz Grabda, Etsuro Shibata, Takashi Nakamura

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

14 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In this paper, the bromination reaction between lead oxide and hydrogen bromide originating from the thermal decomposition of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), under inert and oxidizing atmospheres, was investigated, using a laboratory-scale furnace. The results obtained under inert conditions indicated that bromination of PbO proceeded simultaneously with debromination of TBBPA, with an average effectiveness of 69% (max. 80%). Volatilization of the formed PbBr₂ began at 315°C, intensified at 750°C, and reached 98% at 850°C. The formed organic char served as a source of carbon for reduction of the unreacted lead oxide to metallic lead in the range 315-750°C. Additional experiments conducted at selected temperatures under slightly oxidizing (5vol% O₂) and quasi-atmospheric (20vol% O₂) conditions showed no significant effects on bromination-evaporation of lead in the studied mixture. However, in isothermal treatment under quasi-atmospheric oxygen levels, complete vaporization of the formed lead bromide was obtained at a temperature of only 650°C.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	163-171
Number of pages	9
Journal	Journal of Hazardous Materials
Volume	261
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.07.028
Publication status	Published - 2013 Oct 15
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Bromination-vaporization process
Lead recovery
Safe disposal of EAF dust
WEEE utilization

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Pollution
Waste Management and Disposal
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Engineering

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title = "Fate of lead oxide during thermal treatment with tetrabromobisphenol A",

abstract = "In this paper, the bromination reaction between lead oxide and hydrogen bromide originating from the thermal decomposition of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), under inert and oxidizing atmospheres, was investigated, using a laboratory-scale furnace. The results obtained under inert conditions indicated that bromination of PbO proceeded simultaneously with debromination of TBBPA, with an average effectiveness of 69% (max. 80%). Volatilization of the formed PbBr2 began at 315°C, intensified at 750°C, and reached 98% at 850°C. The formed organic char served as a source of carbon for reduction of the unreacted lead oxide to metallic lead in the range 315-750°C. Additional experiments conducted at selected temperatures under slightly oxidizing (5vol% O2) and quasi-atmospheric (20vol% O2) conditions showed no significant effects on bromination-evaporation of lead in the studied mixture. However, in isothermal treatment under quasi-atmospheric oxygen levels, complete vaporization of the formed lead bromide was obtained at a temperature of only 650°C.",

keywords = "Bromination-vaporization process, Lead recovery, Safe disposal of EAF dust, WEEE utilization",

author = "Sylwia Oleszek and Grabda, {Mariusz Grzegorz} and Etsuro Shibata and Takashi Nakamura",

year = "2013",

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day = "15",

doi = "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.07.028",

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AU - Oleszek, Sylwia

AU - Grabda, Mariusz Grzegorz

AU - Shibata, Etsuro

AU - Nakamura, Takashi

PY - 2013/10/15

Y1 - 2013/10/15

N2 - In this paper, the bromination reaction between lead oxide and hydrogen bromide originating from the thermal decomposition of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), under inert and oxidizing atmospheres, was investigated, using a laboratory-scale furnace. The results obtained under inert conditions indicated that bromination of PbO proceeded simultaneously with debromination of TBBPA, with an average effectiveness of 69% (max. 80%). Volatilization of the formed PbBr2 began at 315°C, intensified at 750°C, and reached 98% at 850°C. The formed organic char served as a source of carbon for reduction of the unreacted lead oxide to metallic lead in the range 315-750°C. Additional experiments conducted at selected temperatures under slightly oxidizing (5vol% O2) and quasi-atmospheric (20vol% O2) conditions showed no significant effects on bromination-evaporation of lead in the studied mixture. However, in isothermal treatment under quasi-atmospheric oxygen levels, complete vaporization of the formed lead bromide was obtained at a temperature of only 650°C.

AB - In this paper, the bromination reaction between lead oxide and hydrogen bromide originating from the thermal decomposition of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), under inert and oxidizing atmospheres, was investigated, using a laboratory-scale furnace. The results obtained under inert conditions indicated that bromination of PbO proceeded simultaneously with debromination of TBBPA, with an average effectiveness of 69% (max. 80%). Volatilization of the formed PbBr2 began at 315°C, intensified at 750°C, and reached 98% at 850°C. The formed organic char served as a source of carbon for reduction of the unreacted lead oxide to metallic lead in the range 315-750°C. Additional experiments conducted at selected temperatures under slightly oxidizing (5vol% O2) and quasi-atmospheric (20vol% O2) conditions showed no significant effects on bromination-evaporation of lead in the studied mixture. However, in isothermal treatment under quasi-atmospheric oxygen levels, complete vaporization of the formed lead bromide was obtained at a temperature of only 650°C.

KW - Bromination-vaporization process

KW - Lead recovery

KW - Safe disposal of EAF dust

KW - WEEE utilization

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Fate of lead oxide during thermal treatment with tetrabromobisphenol A

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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