Fermi-large area telescope observations of the exceptional gamma-ray outbursts of 3C 273 in 2009 September

A. A. Abdo; M. Ackermann; M. Ajello; L. Baldini; J. Ballet; G. Barbiellini; D. Bastieri; K. Bechtol; R. Bellazzini; B. Berenji; R. D. Blandford; E. D. Bloom; E. Bonamente; A. W. Borgland; A. Bouvier; J. Bregeon; A. Brez; M. Brigida; P. Bruel; T. H. Burnett; S. Buson; G. A. Caliandro; R. A. Cameron; A. Cannon; P. A. Caraveo; S. Carrigan; J. M. Casandjian; E. Cavazzuti; C. Cecchi; Ö Çelik; E. Charles; A. Chekhtman; C. C. Cheung; J. Chiang; S. Ciprini; R. Claus; J. Cohen-Tanugi; J. Conrad; L. Costamante; C. D. Dermer; A. De Angelis; F. De Palma; E. Do Couto E Silva; P. S. Drell; R. Dubois; D. Dumora; C. Farnier; C. Favuzzi; S. J. Fegan; W. B. Focke; M. Frailis; Y. Fukazawa; S. Funk; P. Fusco; F. Gargano; D. Gasparrini; N. Gehrels; S. Germani; N. Giglietto; P. Giommi; F. Giordano; T. Glanzman; G. Godfrey; I. A. Grenier; M. H. Grondin; S. Guiriec; M. Hayashida; E. Hays; A. B. Hill; D. Horan; R. E. Hughes; G. Jóhannesson; A. S. Johnson; W. N. Johnson; T. Kamae; H. Katagiri; J. Kataoka; N. Kawai; J. Knödlseder; M. Kuss; J. Lande; S. Larsson; L. Latronico; M. Lemoine-Goumard; M. Llena Garde; F. Longo; F. Loparco; B. Lott; M. N. Lovellette; P. Lubrano; G. M. Madejski; A. Makeev; O. Mansutti; E. Massaro; M. N. Mazziotta; W. McConville; J. E. McEnery; C. Meurer; P. F. Michelson; W. Mitthumsiri; T. Mizuno; A. A. Moiseev; C. Monte; M. E. Monzani; A. Morselli; I. V. Moskalenko; S. Murgia; P. L. Nolan; J. P. Norris; E. Nuss; T. Ohsugi; N. Omodei; E. Orlando; J. F. Ormes; D. Paneque; J. H. Panetta; V. Pelassa; M. Pepe; M. Pesce-Rollins; F. Piron; T. A. Porter; S. Rainò; R. Rando; M. Razzano; A. Reimer; O. Reimer; S. Ritz; A. Y. Rodriguez; R. W. Romani; M. Roth; F. Ryde; H. F.W. Sadrozinski; A. Sander; J. D. Scargle; T. L. Schalk; C. Sgrò; E. J. Siskind; P. D. Smith; G. Spandre; P. Spinelli; J. L. Starck; M. S. Strickman; D. J. Suson; H. Tajima; H. Takahashi; T. Takahashi; T. Tanaka; J. B. Thayer; J. G. Thayer; D. J. Thompson; L. Tibaldo; D. F. Torres; G. Tosti; A. Tramacere; Y. Uchiyama; T. L. Usher; V. Vasileiou; N. Vilchez; V. Vitale; A. P. Waite; P. Wang; A. E. Wehrle; B. L. Winer; K. S. Wood; Z. Yang; T. Ylinen; M. Ziegler

doi:10.1088/2041-8205/714/1/L73

Fermi-large area telescope observations of the exceptional gamma-ray outbursts of 3C 273 in 2009 September

A. A. Abdo, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, A. Bouvier, J. Bregeon, A. Brez, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, T. H. BurnettS. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, A. Cannon, P. A. Caraveo, S. Carrigan, J. M. Casandjian, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, Ö Çelik, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, C. C. Cheung, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, L. Costamante, C. D. Dermer, A. De Angelis, F. De Palma, E. Do Couto E Silva, P. S. Drell, R. Dubois, D. Dumora, C. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, W. B. Focke, M. Frailis, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Gehrels, S. Germani, N. Giglietto, P. Giommi, F. Giordano, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, M. H. Grondin, S. Guiriec, M. Hayashida, E. Hays, A. B. Hill, D. Horan, R. E. Hughes, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, W. N. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, N. Kawai, J. Knödlseder, M. Kuss, J. Lande, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, M. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Llena Garde, F. Longo, F. Loparco, B. Lott, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, G. M. Madejski, A. Makeev, O. Mansutti, E. Massaro, M. N. Mazziotta, W. McConville, J. E. McEnery, C. Meurer, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, P. L. Nolan, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, J. H. Panetta, V. Pelassa, M. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, T. A. Porter, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, S. Ritz, A. Y. Rodriguez, R. W. Romani, M. Roth, F. Ryde, H. F.W. Sadrozinski, A. Sander, J. D. Scargle, T. L. Schalk, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, P. D. Smith, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, J. L. Starck, M. S. Strickman, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, T. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, A. Tramacere, Y. Uchiyama, T. L. Usher, V. Vasileiou, N. Vilchez, V. Vitale, A. P. Waite, P. Wang, A. E. Wehrle, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, Z. Yang, T. Ylinen, M. Ziegler

School of Advanced Science and Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

47 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We present the light curves and spectral data of two exceptionally luminous gamma-ray outbursts observed by the Large Area Telescope experiment on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope from 3C 273 in 2009 September. During these flares, having a duration of a few days, the source reached its highest γ-ray flux ever measured. This allowed us to study, in some details, their spectral and temporal structures. The rise and the decay are asymmetric on timescales of 6 hr, and the spectral index was significantly harder during the flares than during the preceding 11 months. We also found that short, very intense flares put out the same time-integrated energy as long, less intense flares like that observed in 2009 August.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	L73-L78
Journal	Astrophysical Journal Letters
Volume	714
Issue number	1 PART 2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/714/1/L73
Publication status	Published - 2010

Keywords

Gamma rays: galaxies
Quasars: individual (3C 273)

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

Access to Document

10.1088/2041-8205/714/1/L73

Cite this

Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., ... Ziegler, M. (2010). Fermi-large area telescope observations of the exceptional gamma-ray outbursts of 3C 273 in 2009 September. Astrophysical Journal Letters, 714(1 PART 2), L73-L78. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/714/1/L73

Abdo, AA, Ackermann, M, Ajello, M, Baldini, L, Ballet, J, Barbiellini, G, Bastieri, D, Bechtol, K, Bellazzini, R, Berenji, B, Blandford, RD, Bloom, ED, Bonamente, E, Borgland, AW, Bouvier, A, Bregeon, J, Brez, A, Brigida, M, Bruel, P, Burnett, TH, Buson, S, Caliandro, GA, Cameron, RA, Cannon, A, Caraveo, PA, Carrigan, S, Casandjian, JM, Cavazzuti, E, Cecchi, C, Çelik, Ö, Charles, E, Chekhtman, A, Cheung, CC, Chiang, J, Ciprini, S, Claus, R, Cohen-Tanugi, J, Conrad, J, Costamante, L, Dermer, CD, De Angelis, A, De Palma, F, Do Couto E Silva, E, Drell, PS, Dubois, R, Dumora, D, Farnier, C, Favuzzi, C, Fegan, SJ, Focke, WB, Frailis, M, Fukazawa, Y, Funk, S, Fusco, P, Gargano, F, Gasparrini, D, Gehrels, N, Germani, S, Giglietto, N, Giommi, P, Giordano, F, Glanzman, T, Godfrey, G, Grenier, IA, Grondin, MH, Guiriec, S, Hayashida, M, Hays, E, Hill, AB, Horan, D, Hughes, RE, Jóhannesson, G, Johnson, AS, Johnson, WN, Kamae, T, Katagiri, H, Kataoka, J, Kawai, N, Knödlseder, J, Kuss, M, Lande, J, Larsson, S, Latronico, L, Lemoine-Goumard, M, Garde, ML, Longo, F, Loparco, F, Lott, B, Lovellette, MN, Lubrano, P, Madejski, GM, Makeev, A, Mansutti, O, Massaro, E, Mazziotta, MN, McConville, W, McEnery, JE, Meurer, C, Michelson, PF, Mitthumsiri, W, Mizuno, T, Moiseev, AA, Monte, C, Monzani, ME, Morselli, A, Moskalenko, IV, Murgia, S, Nolan, PL, Norris, JP, Nuss, E, Ohsugi, T, Omodei, N, Orlando, E, Ormes, JF, Paneque, D, Panetta, JH, Pelassa, V, Pepe, M, Pesce-Rollins, M, Piron, F, Porter, TA, Rainò, S, Rando, R, Razzano, M, Reimer, A, Reimer, O, Ritz, S, Rodriguez, AY, Romani, RW, Roth, M, Ryde, F, Sadrozinski, HFW, Sander, A, Scargle, JD, Schalk, TL, Sgrò, C, Siskind, EJ, Smith, PD, Spandre, G, Spinelli, P, Starck, JL, Strickman, MS, Suson, DJ, Tajima, H, Takahashi, H, Takahashi, T, Tanaka, T, Thayer, JB, Thayer, JG, Thompson, DJ, Tibaldo, L, Torres, DF, Tosti, G, Tramacere, A, Uchiyama, Y, Usher, TL, Vasileiou, V, Vilchez, N, Vitale, V, Waite, AP, Wang, P, Wehrle, AE, Winer, BL, Wood, KS, Yang, Z, Ylinen, T & Ziegler, M 2010, 'Fermi-large area telescope observations of the exceptional gamma-ray outbursts of 3C 273 in 2009 September', Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 714, no. 1 PART 2, pp. L73-L78. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/714/1/L73

@article{fabc943bbca8458391b706e83c645c49,

title = "Fermi-large area telescope observations of the exceptional gamma-ray outbursts of 3C 273 in 2009 September",

abstract = "We present the light curves and spectral data of two exceptionally luminous gamma-ray outbursts observed by the Large Area Telescope experiment on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope from 3C 273 in 2009 September. During these flares, having a duration of a few days, the source reached its highest γ-ray flux ever measured. This allowed us to study, in some details, their spectral and temporal structures. The rise and the decay are asymmetric on timescales of 6 hr, and the spectral index was significantly harder during the flares than during the preceding 11 months. We also found that short, very intense flares put out the same time-integrated energy as long, less intense flares like that observed in 2009 August.",

keywords = "Gamma rays: galaxies, Quasars: individual (3C 273)",

author = "Abdo, {A. A.} and M. Ackermann and M. Ajello and L. Baldini and J. Ballet and G. Barbiellini and D. Bastieri and K. Bechtol and R. Bellazzini and B. Berenji and Blandford, {R. D.} and Bloom, {E. D.} and E. Bonamente and Borgland, {A. W.} and A. Bouvier and J. Bregeon and A. Brez and M. Brigida and P. Bruel and Burnett, {T. H.} and S. Buson and Caliandro, {G. A.} and Cameron, {R. A.} and A. Cannon and Caraveo, {P. A.} and S. Carrigan and Casandjian, {J. M.} and E. Cavazzuti and C. Cecchi and {\"O} {\c C}elik and E. Charles and A. Chekhtman and Cheung, {C. C.} and J. Chiang and S. Ciprini and R. Claus and J. Cohen-Tanugi and J. Conrad and L. Costamante and Dermer, {C. D.} and {De Angelis}, A. and {De Palma}, F. and {Do Couto E Silva}, E. and Drell, {P. S.} and R. Dubois and D. Dumora and C. Farnier and C. Favuzzi and Fegan, {S. J.} and Focke, {W. B.} and M. Frailis and Y. Fukazawa and S. Funk and P. Fusco and F. Gargano and D. Gasparrini and N. Gehrels and S. Germani and N. Giglietto and P. Giommi and F. Giordano and T. Glanzman and G. Godfrey and Grenier, {I. A.} and Grondin, {M. H.} and S. Guiriec and M. Hayashida and E. Hays and Hill, {A. B.} and D. Horan and Hughes, {R. E.} and G. J{\'o}hannesson and Johnson, {A. S.} and Johnson, {W. N.} and T. Kamae and H. Katagiri and J. Kataoka and N. Kawai and J. Kn{\"o}dlseder and M. Kuss and J. Lande and S. Larsson and L. Latronico and M. Lemoine-Goumard and Garde, {M. Llena} and F. Longo and F. Loparco and B. Lott and Lovellette, {M. N.} and P. Lubrano and Madejski, {G. M.} and A. Makeev and O. Mansutti and E. Massaro and Mazziotta, {M. N.} and W. McConville and McEnery, {J. E.} and C. Meurer and Michelson, {P. F.} and W. Mitthumsiri and T. Mizuno and Moiseev, {A. A.} and C. Monte and Monzani, {M. E.} and A. Morselli and Moskalenko, {I. V.} and S. Murgia and Nolan, {P. L.} and Norris, {J. P.} and E. Nuss and T. Ohsugi and N. Omodei and E. Orlando and Ormes, {J. F.} and D. Paneque and Panetta, {J. H.} and V. Pelassa and M. Pepe and M. Pesce-Rollins and F. Piron and Porter, {T. A.} and S. Rain{\`o} and R. Rando and M. Razzano and A. Reimer and O. Reimer and S. Ritz and Rodriguez, {A. Y.} and Romani, {R. W.} and M. Roth and F. Ryde and Sadrozinski, {H. F.W.} and A. Sander and Scargle, {J. D.} and Schalk, {T. L.} and C. Sgr{\`o} and Siskind, {E. J.} and Smith, {P. D.} and G. Spandre and P. Spinelli and Starck, {J. L.} and Strickman, {M. S.} and Suson, {D. J.} and H. Tajima and H. Takahashi and T. Takahashi and T. Tanaka and Thayer, {J. B.} and Thayer, {J. G.} and Thompson, {D. J.} and L. Tibaldo and Torres, {D. F.} and G. Tosti and A. Tramacere and Y. Uchiyama and Usher, {T. L.} and V. Vasileiou and N. Vilchez and V. Vitale and Waite, {A. P.} and P. Wang and Wehrle, {A. E.} and Winer, {B. L.} and Wood, {K. S.} and Z. Yang and T. Ylinen and M. Ziegler",

year = "2010",

doi = "10.1088/2041-8205/714/1/L73",

language = "English",

volume = "714",

pages = "L73--L78",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal Letters",

issn = "2041-8205",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "1 PART 2",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Fermi-large area telescope observations of the exceptional gamma-ray outbursts of 3C 273 in 2009 September

AU - Abdo, A. A.

AU - Ackermann, M.

AU - Ajello, M.

AU - Baldini, L.

AU - Ballet, J.

AU - Barbiellini, G.

AU - Bastieri, D.

AU - Bechtol, K.

AU - Bellazzini, R.

AU - Berenji, B.

AU - Blandford, R. D.

AU - Bloom, E. D.

AU - Bonamente, E.

AU - Borgland, A. W.

AU - Bouvier, A.

AU - Bregeon, J.

AU - Brez, A.

AU - Brigida, M.

AU - Bruel, P.

AU - Burnett, T. H.

AU - Buson, S.

AU - Caliandro, G. A.

AU - Cameron, R. A.

AU - Cannon, A.

AU - Caraveo, P. A.

AU - Carrigan, S.

AU - Casandjian, J. M.

AU - Cavazzuti, E.

AU - Cecchi, C.

AU - Çelik, Ö

AU - Charles, E.

AU - Chekhtman, A.

AU - Cheung, C. C.

AU - Chiang, J.

AU - Ciprini, S.

AU - Claus, R.

AU - Cohen-Tanugi, J.

AU - Conrad, J.

AU - Costamante, L.

AU - Dermer, C. D.

AU - De Angelis, A.

AU - De Palma, F.

AU - Do Couto E Silva, E.

AU - Drell, P. S.

AU - Dubois, R.

AU - Dumora, D.

AU - Farnier, C.

AU - Favuzzi, C.

AU - Fegan, S. J.

AU - Focke, W. B.

AU - Frailis, M.

AU - Fukazawa, Y.

AU - Funk, S.

AU - Fusco, P.

AU - Gargano, F.

AU - Gasparrini, D.

AU - Gehrels, N.

AU - Germani, S.

AU - Giglietto, N.

AU - Giommi, P.

AU - Giordano, F.

AU - Glanzman, T.

AU - Godfrey, G.

AU - Grenier, I. A.

AU - Grondin, M. H.

AU - Guiriec, S.

AU - Hayashida, M.

AU - Hays, E.

AU - Hill, A. B.

AU - Horan, D.

AU - Hughes, R. E.

AU - Jóhannesson, G.

AU - Johnson, A. S.

AU - Johnson, W. N.

AU - Kamae, T.

AU - Katagiri, H.

AU - Kataoka, J.

AU - Kawai, N.

AU - Knödlseder, J.

AU - Kuss, M.

AU - Lande, J.

AU - Larsson, S.

AU - Latronico, L.

AU - Lemoine-Goumard, M.

AU - Garde, M. Llena

AU - Longo, F.

AU - Loparco, F.

AU - Lott, B.

AU - Lovellette, M. N.

AU - Lubrano, P.

AU - Madejski, G. M.

AU - Makeev, A.

AU - Mansutti, O.

AU - Massaro, E.

AU - Mazziotta, M. N.

AU - McConville, W.

AU - McEnery, J. E.

AU - Meurer, C.

AU - Michelson, P. F.

AU - Mitthumsiri, W.

AU - Mizuno, T.

AU - Moiseev, A. A.

AU - Monte, C.

AU - Monzani, M. E.

AU - Morselli, A.

AU - Moskalenko, I. V.

AU - Murgia, S.

AU - Nolan, P. L.

AU - Norris, J. P.

AU - Nuss, E.

AU - Ohsugi, T.

AU - Omodei, N.

AU - Orlando, E.

AU - Ormes, J. F.

AU - Paneque, D.

AU - Panetta, J. H.

AU - Pelassa, V.

AU - Pepe, M.

AU - Pesce-Rollins, M.

AU - Piron, F.

AU - Porter, T. A.

AU - Rainò, S.

AU - Rando, R.

AU - Razzano, M.

AU - Reimer, A.

AU - Reimer, O.

AU - Ritz, S.

AU - Rodriguez, A. Y.

AU - Romani, R. W.

AU - Roth, M.

AU - Ryde, F.

AU - Sadrozinski, H. F.W.

AU - Sander, A.

AU - Scargle, J. D.

AU - Schalk, T. L.

AU - Sgrò, C.

AU - Siskind, E. J.

AU - Smith, P. D.

AU - Spandre, G.

AU - Spinelli, P.

AU - Starck, J. L.

AU - Strickman, M. S.

AU - Suson, D. J.

AU - Tajima, H.

AU - Takahashi, H.

AU - Takahashi, T.

AU - Tanaka, T.

AU - Thayer, J. B.

AU - Thayer, J. G.

AU - Thompson, D. J.

AU - Tibaldo, L.

AU - Torres, D. F.

AU - Tosti, G.

AU - Tramacere, A.

AU - Uchiyama, Y.

AU - Usher, T. L.

AU - Vasileiou, V.

AU - Vilchez, N.

AU - Vitale, V.

AU - Waite, A. P.

AU - Wang, P.

AU - Wehrle, A. E.

AU - Winer, B. L.

AU - Wood, K. S.

AU - Yang, Z.

AU - Ylinen, T.

AU - Ziegler, M.

PY - 2010

Y1 - 2010

N2 - We present the light curves and spectral data of two exceptionally luminous gamma-ray outbursts observed by the Large Area Telescope experiment on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope from 3C 273 in 2009 September. During these flares, having a duration of a few days, the source reached its highest γ-ray flux ever measured. This allowed us to study, in some details, their spectral and temporal structures. The rise and the decay are asymmetric on timescales of 6 hr, and the spectral index was significantly harder during the flares than during the preceding 11 months. We also found that short, very intense flares put out the same time-integrated energy as long, less intense flares like that observed in 2009 August.

AB - We present the light curves and spectral data of two exceptionally luminous gamma-ray outbursts observed by the Large Area Telescope experiment on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope from 3C 273 in 2009 September. During these flares, having a duration of a few days, the source reached its highest γ-ray flux ever measured. This allowed us to study, in some details, their spectral and temporal structures. The rise and the decay are asymmetric on timescales of 6 hr, and the spectral index was significantly harder during the flares than during the preceding 11 months. We also found that short, very intense flares put out the same time-integrated energy as long, less intense flares like that observed in 2009 August.

KW - Gamma rays: galaxies

KW - Quasars: individual (3C 273)

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77950998239&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77950998239&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1088/2041-8205/714/1/L73

DO - 10.1088/2041-8205/714/1/L73

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:77950998239

SN - 2041-8205

VL - 714

SP - L73-L78

JO - Astrophysical Journal Letters

JF - Astrophysical Journal Letters

IS - 1 PART 2

ER -

Fermi-large area telescope observations of the exceptional gamma-ray outbursts of 3C 273 in 2009 September

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