Fine pottery shaping techniques in Predynastic Egypt: A pilot study on non-destructive analysis using an X-Ray CT scanning system

Eight complete Egyptian Predynastic pottery samples were studied using X-ray CT scanning systems to assess such systems’ applicability as a means of refining our knowledge of pottery manufacturing techniques. This non-destructive analysis produces two- and three-dimensional renderings of the external surface and internal structure of an object with high-resolution micro-CT imaging. The 3D images of the air voids inside ceramic walls and observation of the wall cross-slices indicated that the Predynastic pottery was not made only by coiling/slab-building but also combined various techniques. There was also a distinct difference in the CT cross-slice void shapes of black-topped and decorated wares, probably due to variations in the pressure applied, usually associated with the use of a turning device. The results give clearer information about the ancient potter's choice of technique and application according to shape and size, as well as about a development phase in the radial method.