FIRST NuSTAR OBSERVATIONS of MRK 501 WITHIN A RADIO to TeV MULTI-INSTRUMENT CAMPAIGN

A. Furniss, K. Noda, S. Boggs, J. Chiang, F. Christensen, W. Craig, P. Giommi, C. Hailey, F. Harisson, G. Madejski, K. Nalewajko, M. Perri, D. Stern, M. Urry, F. Verrecchia, W. Zhang, M. L. Ahnen, S. Ansoldi, L. A. Antonelli, P. AntoranzA. Babic, B. Banerjee, P. Bangale, U. Barres De Almeida, J. A. Barrio, J. Becerra González, W. Bednarek, E. Bernardini, B. Biasuzzi, A. Biland, O. Blanch, S. Bonnefoy, G. Bonnoli, F. Borracci, T. Bretz, E. Carmona, A. Carosi, A. Chatterjee, R. Clavero, P. Colin, E. Colombo, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, S. Covino, P. Da Vela, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, G. De Caneva, B. De Lotto, E. De Oña Wilhelmi, C. Delgado Mendez, F. Di Pierro, D. Dominis Prester, D. Dorner, M. Doro, S. Einecke, D. Eisenacher Glawion, D. Elsaesser, A. Fernández-Barral, D. Fidalgo, M. V. Fonseca, L. Font, K. Frantzen, C. Fruck, D. Galindo, R. J. García López, M. Garczarczyk, D. Garrido Terrats, M. Gaug, P. Giammaria, N. Godinović, A. González Muñoz, D. Guberman, Y. Hanabata, M. Hayashida, J. Herrera, J. Hose, D. Hrupec, G. Hughes, W. Idec, H. Kellermann, K. Kodani, Y. Konno, H. Kubo, J. Kushida, A. La Barbera, D. Lelas, N. Lewandowska, E. Lindfors, S. Lombardi, F. Longo, M. López, R. López-Coto, A. López-Oramas, E. Lorenz, P. Majumdar, M. Makariev, K. Mallot, G. Maneva, M. Manganaro, K. Mannheim, L. Maraschi, B. Marcote, M. Mariotti, M. Martínez, D. Mazin, U. Menzel, J. M. Miranda, R. Mirzoyan, A. Moralejo, D. Nakajima, V. Neustroev, A. Niedzwiecki, M. Nievas Rosillo, K. Nilsson, K. Nishijima, R. Orito, A. Overkemping, S. Paiano, J. Palacio, M. Palatiello, D. Paneque, R. Paoletti, J. M. Paredes, X. Paredes-Fortuny, M. Persic, J. Poutanen, P. G. Prada Moroni, E. Prandini, I. Puljak, R. Reinthal, W. Rhode, M. Ribó, J. Rico, J. Rodriguez Garcia, T. Saito, K. Saito, K. Satalecka, V. Scapin, C. Schultz, T. Schweizer, S. N. Shore, A. Sillanpä, J. Sitarek, I. Snidaric, D. Sobczynska, A. Stamerra, T. Steinbring, M. Strzys, L. Takalo, H. Takami, F. Tavecchio, P. Temnikov, T. Terzić, D. Tescaro, M. Teshima, J. Thaele, D. F. Torres, T. Toyama, A. Treves, V. Verguilov, I. Vovk, M. Will, R. Zanin, A. Archer, W. Benbow, R. Bird, J. Biteau, V. Bugaev, J. V. Cardenzana, M. Cerruti, X. Chen, L. Ciupik, M. P. Connolly, W. Cui, H. J. Dickinson, J. Dumm, J. D. Eisch, A. Falcone, Q. Feng, J. P. Finley, H. Fleischhack, P. Fortin, L. Fortson, L. Gerard, G. H. Gillanders, S. Griffin, S. T. Griffiths, J. Grube, G. Gyuk, N. Håkansson, J. Holder, T. B. Humensky, C. A. Johnson, P. Kaaret, M. Kertzman, D. Kieda, M. Krause, F. Krennrich, M. J. Lang, T. T Y Lin, G. Maier, S. McArthur, A. McCann, K. Meagher, P. Moriarty, R. Mukherjee, D. Nieto, A. O'Faoláin De Bhróithe, R. A. Ong, N. Park, D. Petry, M. Pohl, A. Popkow, K. Ragan, G. Ratliff, L. C. Reyes, P. T. Reynolds, G. T. Richards, E. Roache, M. Santander, G. H. Sembroski, K. Shahinyan, D. Staszak, I. Telezhinsky, J. V. Tucci, J. Tyler, V. V. Vassiliev, S. P. Wakely, O. M. Weiner, A. Weinstein, A. Wilhelm, D. A. Williams, B. Zitzer, O. Vince, L. Fuhrmann, E. Angelakis, V. Karamanavis, I. Myserlis, T. P. Krichbaum, J. A. Zensus, H. Ungerechts, A. Sievers, R. Bachev, M. Böttcher, W. P. Chen, G. Damljanovic, C. Eswaraiah, T. Güver, T. Hovatta, Z. Hughes, S. I. Ibryamov, M. D. Joner, B. Jordan, S. G. Jorstad, M. Joshi, Jun Kataoka, O. M. Kurtanidze, S. O. Kurtanidze, A. Lähteenmäki, G. Latev, H. C. Lin, V. M. Larionov, A. A. Mokrushina, D. A. Morozova, M. G. Nikolashvili, C. M. Raiteri, V. Ramakrishnan, A. C. R. Readhead, A. C. Sadun, L. A. Sigua, E. H. Semkov, A. Strigachev, J. Tammi, M. Tornikoski, Y. V. Troitskaya, I. S. Troitsky, M. Villata

    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

    33 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    We report on simultaneous broadband observations of the TeV-emitting blazar Markarian 501 between 2013 April 1 and August 10, including the first detailed characterization of the synchrotron peak with Swift and NuSTAR. During the campaign, the nearby BL Lac object was observed in both a quiescent and an elevated state. The broadband campaign includes observations with NuSTAR, MAGIC, VERITAS, the Fermi Large Area Telescope, Swift X-ray Telescope and UV Optical Telescope, various ground-based optical instruments, including the GASP-WEBT program, as well as radio observations by OVRO, Metsähovi, and the F-Gamma consortium. Some of the MAGIC observations were affected by a sand layer from the Saharan desert, and had to be corrected using event-by-event corrections derived with a Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) facility. This is the first time that LIDAR information is used to produce a physics result with Cherenkov Telescope data taken during adverse atmospheric conditions, and hence sets a precedent for the current and future ground-based gamma-ray instruments. The NuSTAR instrument provides unprecedented sensitivity in hard X-rays, showing the source to display a spectral energy distribution (SED) between 3 and 79 keV consistent with a log-parabolic spectrum and hard X-ray variability on hour timescales. None (of the four extended NuSTAR observations) show evidence of the onset of inverse-Compton emission at hard X-ray energies. We apply a single-zone equilibrium synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model to five simultaneous broadband SEDs. We find that the SSC model can reproduce the observed broadband states through a decrease in the magnetic field strength coinciding with an increase in the luminosity and hardness of the relativistic leptons responsible for the high-energy emission.

    Original languageEnglish
    Article number65
    JournalAstrophysical Journal
    Volume812
    Issue number1
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2015 Oct 10

    Fingerprint

    telescopes
    broadband
    synchrotrons
    x rays
    Global Air Sampling Program
    optical instrument
    energy
    radio observation
    deserts
    meteorology
    spectral energy distribution
    sands
    hardness
    leptons
    field strength
    physics
    desert
    luminosity
    gamma rays
    magnetic field

    Keywords

    • BL Lacertae objects: general
    • galaxies: individual (Markarian 501)
    • X-rays: galaxies

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Nuclear and High Energy Physics

    Cite this

    Furniss, A., Noda, K., Boggs, S., Chiang, J., Christensen, F., Craig, W., ... Villata, M. (2015). FIRST NuSTAR OBSERVATIONS of MRK 501 WITHIN A RADIO to TeV MULTI-INSTRUMENT CAMPAIGN. Astrophysical Journal, 812(1), [65]. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/812/1/65

    FIRST NuSTAR OBSERVATIONS of MRK 501 WITHIN A RADIO to TeV MULTI-INSTRUMENT CAMPAIGN. / Furniss, A.; Noda, K.; Boggs, S.; Chiang, J.; Christensen, F.; Craig, W.; Giommi, P.; Hailey, C.; Harisson, F.; Madejski, G.; Nalewajko, K.; Perri, M.; Stern, D.; Urry, M.; Verrecchia, F.; Zhang, W.; Ahnen, M. L.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.; Antoranz, P.; Babic, A.; Banerjee, B.; Bangale, P.; Barres De Almeida, U.; A. Barrio, J.; Becerra González, J.; Bednarek, W.; Bernardini, E.; Biasuzzi, B.; Biland, A.; Blanch, O.; Bonnefoy, S.; Bonnoli, G.; Borracci, F.; Bretz, T.; Carmona, E.; Carosi, A.; Chatterjee, A.; Clavero, R.; Colin, P.; Colombo, E.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Covino, S.; Da Vela, P.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; De Caneva, G.; De Lotto, B.; De Oña Wilhelmi, E.; Delgado Mendez, C.; Di Pierro, F.; Dominis Prester, D.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Einecke, S.; Eisenacher Glawion, D.; Elsaesser, D.; Fernández-Barral, A.; Fidalgo, D.; Fonseca, M. V.; Font, L.; Frantzen, K.; Fruck, C.; Galindo, D.; García López, R. J.; Garczarczyk, M.; Garrido Terrats, D.; Gaug, M.; Giammaria, P.; Godinović, N.; González Muñoz, A.; Guberman, D.; Hanabata, Y.; Hayashida, M.; Herrera, J.; Hose, J.; Hrupec, D.; Hughes, G.; Idec, W.; Kellermann, H.; Kodani, K.; Konno, Y.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; La Barbera, A.; Lelas, D.; Lewandowska, N.; Lindfors, E.; Lombardi, S.; Longo, F.; López, M.; López-Coto, R.; López-Oramas, A.; Lorenz, E.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Mallot, K.; Maneva, G.; Manganaro, M.; Mannheim, K.; Maraschi, L.; Marcote, B.; Mariotti, M.; Martínez, M.; Mazin, D.; Menzel, U.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Moralejo, A.; Nakajima, D.; Neustroev, V.; Niedzwiecki, A.; Nievas Rosillo, M.; Nilsson, K.; Nishijima, K.; Orito, R.; Overkemping, A.; Paiano, S.; Palacio, J.; Palatiello, M.; Paneque, D.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Paredes-Fortuny, X.; Persic, M.; Poutanen, J.; Prada Moroni, P. G.; Prandini, E.; Puljak, I.; Reinthal, R.; Rhode, W.; Ribó, M.; Rico, J.; Rodriguez Garcia, J.; Saito, T.; Saito, K.; Satalecka, K.; Scapin, V.; Schultz, C.; Schweizer, T.; Shore, S. N.; Sillanpä, A.; Sitarek, J.; Snidaric, I.; Sobczynska, D.; Stamerra, A.; Steinbring, T.; Strzys, M.; Takalo, L.; Takami, H.; Tavecchio, F.; Temnikov, P.; Terzić, T.; Tescaro, D.; Teshima, M.; Thaele, J.; Torres, D. F.; Toyama, T.; Treves, A.; Verguilov, V.; Vovk, I.; Will, M.; Zanin, R.; Archer, A.; Benbow, W.; Bird, R.; Biteau, J.; Bugaev, V.; Cardenzana, J. V.; Cerruti, M.; Chen, X.; Ciupik, L.; Connolly, M. P.; Cui, W.; Dickinson, H. J.; Dumm, J.; Eisch, J. D.; Falcone, A.; Feng, Q.; Finley, J. P.; Fleischhack, H.; Fortin, P.; Fortson, L.; Gerard, L.; Gillanders, G. H.; Griffin, S.; Griffiths, S. T.; Grube, J.; Gyuk, G.; Håkansson, N.; Holder, J.; Humensky, T. B.; Johnson, C. A.; Kaaret, P.; Kertzman, M.; Kieda, D.; Krause, M.; Krennrich, F.; Lang, M. J.; Lin, T. T Y; Maier, G.; McArthur, S.; McCann, A.; Meagher, K.; Moriarty, P.; Mukherjee, R.; Nieto, D.; O'Faoláin De Bhróithe, A.; Ong, R. A.; Park, N.; Petry, D.; Pohl, M.; Popkow, A.; Ragan, K.; Ratliff, G.; Reyes, L. C.; Reynolds, P. T.; Richards, G. T.; Roache, E.; Santander, M.; Sembroski, G. H.; Shahinyan, K.; Staszak, D.; Telezhinsky, I.; Tucci, J. V.; Tyler, J.; Vassiliev, V. V.; Wakely, S. P.; Weiner, O. M.; Weinstein, A.; Wilhelm, A.; Williams, D. A.; Zitzer, B.; Vince, O.; Fuhrmann, L.; Angelakis, E.; Karamanavis, V.; Myserlis, I.; Krichbaum, T. P.; Zensus, J. A.; Ungerechts, H.; Sievers, A.; Bachev, R.; Böttcher, M.; Chen, W. P.; Damljanovic, G.; Eswaraiah, C.; Güver, T.; Hovatta, T.; Hughes, Z.; Ibryamov, S. I.; Joner, M. D.; Jordan, B.; Jorstad, S. G.; Joshi, M.; Kataoka, Jun; Kurtanidze, O. M.; Kurtanidze, S. O.; Lähteenmäki, A.; Latev, G.; Lin, H. C.; Larionov, V. M.; Mokrushina, A. A.; Morozova, D. A.; Nikolashvili, M. G.; Raiteri, C. M.; Ramakrishnan, V.; R. Readhead, A. C.; Sadun, A. C.; Sigua, L. A.; Semkov, E. H.; Strigachev, A.; Tammi, J.; Tornikoski, M.; Troitskaya, Y. V.; Troitsky, I. S.; Villata, M.

    In: Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 812, No. 1, 65, 10.10.2015.

    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

    Furniss, A, Noda, K, Boggs, S, Chiang, J, Christensen, F, Craig, W, Giommi, P, Hailey, C, Harisson, F, Madejski, G, Nalewajko, K, Perri, M, Stern, D, Urry, M, Verrecchia, F, Zhang, W, Ahnen, ML, Ansoldi, S, Antonelli, LA, Antoranz, P, Babic, A, Banerjee, B, Bangale, P, Barres De Almeida, U, A. Barrio, J, Becerra González, J, Bednarek, W, Bernardini, E, Biasuzzi, B, Biland, A, Blanch, O, Bonnefoy, S, Bonnoli, G, Borracci, F, Bretz, T, Carmona, E, Carosi, A, Chatterjee, A, Clavero, R, Colin, P, Colombo, E, Contreras, JL, Cortina, J, Covino, S, Da Vela, P, Dazzi, F, De Angelis, A, De Caneva, G, De Lotto, B, De Oña Wilhelmi, E, Delgado Mendez, C, Di Pierro, F, Dominis Prester, D, Dorner, D, Doro, M, Einecke, S, Eisenacher Glawion, D, Elsaesser, D, Fernández-Barral, A, Fidalgo, D, Fonseca, MV, Font, L, Frantzen, K, Fruck, C, Galindo, D, García López, RJ, Garczarczyk, M, Garrido Terrats, D, Gaug, M, Giammaria, P, Godinović, N, González Muñoz, A, Guberman, D, Hanabata, Y, Hayashida, M, Herrera, J, Hose, J, Hrupec, D, Hughes, G, Idec, W, Kellermann, H, Kodani, K, Konno, Y, Kubo, H, Kushida, J, La Barbera, A, Lelas, D, Lewandowska, N, Lindfors, E, Lombardi, S, Longo, F, López, M, López-Coto, R, López-Oramas, A, Lorenz, E, Majumdar, P, Makariev, M, Mallot, K, Maneva, G, Manganaro, M, Mannheim, K, Maraschi, L, Marcote, B, Mariotti, M, Martínez, M, Mazin, D, Menzel, U, Miranda, JM, Mirzoyan, R, Moralejo, A, Nakajima, D, Neustroev, V, Niedzwiecki, A, Nievas Rosillo, M, Nilsson, K, Nishijima, K, Orito, R, Overkemping, A, Paiano, S, Palacio, J, Palatiello, M, Paneque, D, Paoletti, R, Paredes, JM, Paredes-Fortuny, X, Persic, M, Poutanen, J, Prada Moroni, PG, Prandini, E, Puljak, I, Reinthal, R, Rhode, W, Ribó, M, Rico, J, Rodriguez Garcia, J, Saito, T, Saito, K, Satalecka, K, Scapin, V, Schultz, C, Schweizer, T, Shore, SN, Sillanpä, A, Sitarek, J, Snidaric, I, Sobczynska, D, Stamerra, A, Steinbring, T, Strzys, M, Takalo, L, Takami, H, Tavecchio, F, Temnikov, P, Terzić, T, Tescaro, D, Teshima, M, Thaele, J, Torres, DF, Toyama, T, Treves, A, Verguilov, V, Vovk, I, Will, M, Zanin, R, Archer, A, Benbow, W, Bird, R, Biteau, J, Bugaev, V, Cardenzana, JV, Cerruti, M, Chen, X, Ciupik, L, Connolly, MP, Cui, W, Dickinson, HJ, Dumm, J, Eisch, JD, Falcone, A, Feng, Q, Finley, JP, Fleischhack, H, Fortin, P, Fortson, L, Gerard, L, Gillanders, GH, Griffin, S, Griffiths, ST, Grube, J, Gyuk, G, Håkansson, N, Holder, J, Humensky, TB, Johnson, CA, Kaaret, P, Kertzman, M, Kieda, D, Krause, M, Krennrich, F, Lang, MJ, Lin, TTY, Maier, G, McArthur, S, McCann, A, Meagher, K, Moriarty, P, Mukherjee, R, Nieto, D, O'Faoláin De Bhróithe, A, Ong, RA, Park, N, Petry, D, Pohl, M, Popkow, A, Ragan, K, Ratliff, G, Reyes, LC, Reynolds, PT, Richards, GT, Roache, E, Santander, M, Sembroski, GH, Shahinyan, K, Staszak, D, Telezhinsky, I, Tucci, JV, Tyler, J, Vassiliev, VV, Wakely, SP, Weiner, OM, Weinstein, A, Wilhelm, A, Williams, DA, Zitzer, B, Vince, O, Fuhrmann, L, Angelakis, E, Karamanavis, V, Myserlis, I, Krichbaum, TP, Zensus, JA, Ungerechts, H, Sievers, A, Bachev, R, Böttcher, M, Chen, WP, Damljanovic, G, Eswaraiah, C, Güver, T, Hovatta, T, Hughes, Z, Ibryamov, SI, Joner, MD, Jordan, B, Jorstad, SG, Joshi, M, Kataoka, J, Kurtanidze, OM, Kurtanidze, SO, Lähteenmäki, A, Latev, G, Lin, HC, Larionov, VM, Mokrushina, AA, Morozova, DA, Nikolashvili, MG, Raiteri, CM, Ramakrishnan, V, R. Readhead, AC, Sadun, AC, Sigua, LA, Semkov, EH, Strigachev, A, Tammi, J, Tornikoski, M, Troitskaya, YV, Troitsky, IS & Villata, M 2015, 'FIRST NuSTAR OBSERVATIONS of MRK 501 WITHIN A RADIO to TeV MULTI-INSTRUMENT CAMPAIGN', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 812, no. 1, 65. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/812/1/65
    Furniss A, Noda K, Boggs S, Chiang J, Christensen F, Craig W et al. FIRST NuSTAR OBSERVATIONS of MRK 501 WITHIN A RADIO to TeV MULTI-INSTRUMENT CAMPAIGN. Astrophysical Journal. 2015 Oct 10;812(1). 65. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/812/1/65
    Furniss, A. ; Noda, K. ; Boggs, S. ; Chiang, J. ; Christensen, F. ; Craig, W. ; Giommi, P. ; Hailey, C. ; Harisson, F. ; Madejski, G. ; Nalewajko, K. ; Perri, M. ; Stern, D. ; Urry, M. ; Verrecchia, F. ; Zhang, W. ; Ahnen, M. L. ; Ansoldi, S. ; Antonelli, L. A. ; Antoranz, P. ; Babic, A. ; Banerjee, B. ; Bangale, P. ; Barres De Almeida, U. ; A. Barrio, J. ; Becerra González, J. ; Bednarek, W. ; Bernardini, E. ; Biasuzzi, B. ; Biland, A. ; Blanch, O. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bonnoli, G. ; Borracci, F. ; Bretz, T. ; Carmona, E. ; Carosi, A. ; Chatterjee, A. ; Clavero, R. ; Colin, P. ; Colombo, E. ; Contreras, J. L. ; Cortina, J. ; Covino, S. ; Da Vela, P. ; Dazzi, F. ; De Angelis, A. ; De Caneva, G. ; De Lotto, B. ; De Oña Wilhelmi, E. ; Delgado Mendez, C. ; Di Pierro, F. ; Dominis Prester, D. ; Dorner, D. ; Doro, M. ; Einecke, S. ; Eisenacher Glawion, D. ; Elsaesser, D. ; Fernández-Barral, A. ; Fidalgo, D. ; Fonseca, M. V. ; Font, L. ; Frantzen, K. ; Fruck, C. ; Galindo, D. ; García López, R. J. ; Garczarczyk, M. ; Garrido Terrats, D. ; Gaug, M. ; Giammaria, P. ; Godinović, N. ; González Muñoz, A. ; Guberman, D. ; Hanabata, Y. ; Hayashida, M. ; Herrera, J. ; Hose, J. ; Hrupec, D. ; Hughes, G. ; Idec, W. ; Kellermann, H. ; Kodani, K. ; Konno, Y. ; Kubo, H. ; Kushida, J. ; La Barbera, A. ; Lelas, D. ; Lewandowska, N. ; Lindfors, E. ; Lombardi, S. ; Longo, F. ; López, M. ; López-Coto, R. ; López-Oramas, A. ; Lorenz, E. ; Majumdar, P. ; Makariev, M. ; Mallot, K. ; Maneva, G. ; Manganaro, M. ; Mannheim, K. ; Maraschi, L. ; Marcote, B. ; Mariotti, M. ; Martínez, M. ; Mazin, D. ; Menzel, U. ; Miranda, J. M. ; Mirzoyan, R. ; Moralejo, A. ; Nakajima, D. ; Neustroev, V. ; Niedzwiecki, A. ; Nievas Rosillo, M. ; Nilsson, K. ; Nishijima, K. ; Orito, R. ; Overkemping, A. ; Paiano, S. ; Palacio, J. ; Palatiello, M. ; Paneque, D. ; Paoletti, R. ; Paredes, J. M. ; Paredes-Fortuny, X. ; Persic, M. ; Poutanen, J. ; Prada Moroni, P. G. ; Prandini, E. ; Puljak, I. ; Reinthal, R. ; Rhode, W. ; Ribó, M. ; Rico, J. ; Rodriguez Garcia, J. ; Saito, T. ; Saito, K. ; Satalecka, K. ; Scapin, V. ; Schultz, C. ; Schweizer, T. ; Shore, S. N. ; Sillanpä, A. ; Sitarek, J. ; Snidaric, I. ; Sobczynska, D. ; Stamerra, A. ; Steinbring, T. ; Strzys, M. ; Takalo, L. ; Takami, H. ; Tavecchio, F. ; Temnikov, P. ; Terzić, T. ; Tescaro, D. ; Teshima, M. ; Thaele, J. ; Torres, D. F. ; Toyama, T. ; Treves, A. ; Verguilov, V. ; Vovk, I. ; Will, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Archer, A. ; Benbow, W. ; Bird, R. ; Biteau, J. ; Bugaev, V. ; Cardenzana, J. V. ; Cerruti, M. ; Chen, X. ; Ciupik, L. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Dickinson, H. J. ; Dumm, J. ; Eisch, J. D. ; Falcone, A. ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Fleischhack, H. ; Fortin, P. ; Fortson, L. ; Gerard, L. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Griffin, S. ; Griffiths, S. T. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Håkansson, N. ; Holder, J. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Johnson, C. A. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kertzman, M. ; Kieda, D. ; Krause, M. ; Krennrich, F. ; Lang, M. J. ; Lin, T. T Y ; Maier, G. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Meagher, K. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nieto, D. ; O'Faoláin De Bhróithe, A. ; Ong, R. A. ; Park, N. ; Petry, D. ; Pohl, M. ; Popkow, A. ; Ragan, K. ; Ratliff, G. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Richards, G. T. ; Roache, E. ; Santander, M. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Shahinyan, K. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, I. ; Tucci, J. V. ; Tyler, J. ; Vassiliev, V. V. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weiner, O. M. ; Weinstein, A. ; Wilhelm, A. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zitzer, B. ; Vince, O. ; Fuhrmann, L. ; Angelakis, E. ; Karamanavis, V. ; Myserlis, I. ; Krichbaum, T. P. ; Zensus, J. A. ; Ungerechts, H. ; Sievers, A. ; Bachev, R. ; Böttcher, M. ; Chen, W. P. ; Damljanovic, G. ; Eswaraiah, C. ; Güver, T. ; Hovatta, T. ; Hughes, Z. ; Ibryamov, S. I. ; Joner, M. D. ; Jordan, B. ; Jorstad, S. G. ; Joshi, M. ; Kataoka, Jun ; Kurtanidze, O. M. ; Kurtanidze, S. O. ; Lähteenmäki, A. ; Latev, G. ; Lin, H. C. ; Larionov, V. M. ; Mokrushina, A. A. ; Morozova, D. A. ; Nikolashvili, M. G. ; Raiteri, C. M. ; Ramakrishnan, V. ; R. Readhead, A. C. ; Sadun, A. C. ; Sigua, L. A. ; Semkov, E. H. ; Strigachev, A. ; Tammi, J. ; Tornikoski, M. ; Troitskaya, Y. V. ; Troitsky, I. S. ; Villata, M. / FIRST NuSTAR OBSERVATIONS of MRK 501 WITHIN A RADIO to TeV MULTI-INSTRUMENT CAMPAIGN. In: Astrophysical Journal. 2015 ; Vol. 812, No. 1.
    @article{51f5c1beb69e4c79965c459c2a15f4f8,
    title = "FIRST NuSTAR OBSERVATIONS of MRK 501 WITHIN A RADIO to TeV MULTI-INSTRUMENT CAMPAIGN",
    abstract = "We report on simultaneous broadband observations of the TeV-emitting blazar Markarian 501 between 2013 April 1 and August 10, including the first detailed characterization of the synchrotron peak with Swift and NuSTAR. During the campaign, the nearby BL Lac object was observed in both a quiescent and an elevated state. The broadband campaign includes observations with NuSTAR, MAGIC, VERITAS, the Fermi Large Area Telescope, Swift X-ray Telescope and UV Optical Telescope, various ground-based optical instruments, including the GASP-WEBT program, as well as radio observations by OVRO, Mets{\"a}hovi, and the F-Gamma consortium. Some of the MAGIC observations were affected by a sand layer from the Saharan desert, and had to be corrected using event-by-event corrections derived with a Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) facility. This is the first time that LIDAR information is used to produce a physics result with Cherenkov Telescope data taken during adverse atmospheric conditions, and hence sets a precedent for the current and future ground-based gamma-ray instruments. The NuSTAR instrument provides unprecedented sensitivity in hard X-rays, showing the source to display a spectral energy distribution (SED) between 3 and 79 keV consistent with a log-parabolic spectrum and hard X-ray variability on hour timescales. None (of the four extended NuSTAR observations) show evidence of the onset of inverse-Compton emission at hard X-ray energies. We apply a single-zone equilibrium synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model to five simultaneous broadband SEDs. We find that the SSC model can reproduce the observed broadband states through a decrease in the magnetic field strength coinciding with an increase in the luminosity and hardness of the relativistic leptons responsible for the high-energy emission.",
    keywords = "BL Lacertae objects: general, galaxies: individual (Markarian 501), X-rays: galaxies",
    author = "A. Furniss and K. Noda and S. Boggs and J. Chiang and F. Christensen and W. Craig and P. Giommi and C. Hailey and F. Harisson and G. Madejski and K. Nalewajko and M. Perri and D. Stern and M. Urry and F. Verrecchia and W. Zhang and Ahnen, {M. L.} and S. Ansoldi and Antonelli, {L. A.} and P. Antoranz and A. Babic and B. Banerjee and P. Bangale and {Barres De Almeida}, U. and {A. Barrio}, J. and {Becerra Gonz{\'a}lez}, J. and W. Bednarek and E. Bernardini and B. Biasuzzi and A. Biland and O. Blanch and S. Bonnefoy and G. Bonnoli and F. Borracci and T. Bretz and E. Carmona and A. Carosi and A. Chatterjee and R. Clavero and P. Colin and E. Colombo and Contreras, {J. L.} and J. Cortina and S. Covino and {Da Vela}, P. and F. Dazzi and {De Angelis}, A. and {De Caneva}, G. and {De Lotto}, B. and {De O{\~n}a Wilhelmi}, E. and {Delgado Mendez}, C. and {Di Pierro}, F. and {Dominis Prester}, D. and D. Dorner and M. Doro and S. Einecke and {Eisenacher Glawion}, D. and D. Elsaesser and A. Fern{\'a}ndez-Barral and D. Fidalgo and Fonseca, {M. V.} and L. Font and K. Frantzen and C. Fruck and D. Galindo and {Garc{\'i}a L{\'o}pez}, {R. J.} and M. Garczarczyk and {Garrido Terrats}, D. and M. Gaug and P. Giammaria and N. Godinović and {Gonz{\'a}lez Mu{\~n}oz}, A. and D. Guberman and Y. Hanabata and M. Hayashida and J. Herrera and J. Hose and D. Hrupec and G. Hughes and W. Idec and H. Kellermann and K. Kodani and Y. Konno and H. Kubo and J. Kushida and {La Barbera}, A. and D. Lelas and N. Lewandowska and E. Lindfors and S. Lombardi and F. Longo and M. L{\'o}pez and R. L{\'o}pez-Coto and A. L{\'o}pez-Oramas and E. Lorenz and P. Majumdar and M. Makariev and K. Mallot and G. Maneva and M. Manganaro and K. Mannheim and L. Maraschi and B. Marcote and M. Mariotti and M. Mart{\'i}nez and D. Mazin and U. Menzel and Miranda, {J. M.} and R. Mirzoyan and A. Moralejo and D. Nakajima and V. Neustroev and A. Niedzwiecki and {Nievas Rosillo}, M. and K. Nilsson and K. Nishijima and R. Orito and A. Overkemping and S. Paiano and J. Palacio and M. Palatiello and D. Paneque and R. Paoletti and Paredes, {J. M.} and X. Paredes-Fortuny and M. Persic and J. Poutanen and {Prada Moroni}, {P. G.} and E. Prandini and I. Puljak and R. Reinthal and W. Rhode and M. Rib{\'o} and J. Rico and {Rodriguez Garcia}, J. and T. Saito and K. Saito and K. Satalecka and V. Scapin and C. Schultz and T. Schweizer and Shore, {S. N.} and A. Sillanp{\"a} and J. Sitarek and I. Snidaric and D. Sobczynska and A. Stamerra and T. Steinbring and M. Strzys and L. Takalo and H. Takami and F. Tavecchio and P. Temnikov and T. Terzić and D. Tescaro and M. Teshima and J. Thaele and Torres, {D. F.} and T. Toyama and A. Treves and V. Verguilov and I. Vovk and M. Will and R. Zanin and A. Archer and W. Benbow and R. Bird and J. Biteau and V. Bugaev and Cardenzana, {J. V.} and M. Cerruti and X. Chen and L. Ciupik and Connolly, {M. P.} and W. Cui and Dickinson, {H. J.} and J. Dumm and Eisch, {J. D.} and A. Falcone and Q. Feng and Finley, {J. P.} and H. Fleischhack and P. Fortin and L. Fortson and L. Gerard and Gillanders, {G. H.} and S. Griffin and Griffiths, {S. T.} and J. Grube and G. Gyuk and N. H{\aa}kansson and J. Holder and Humensky, {T. B.} and Johnson, {C. A.} and P. Kaaret and M. Kertzman and D. Kieda and M. Krause and F. Krennrich and Lang, {M. J.} and Lin, {T. T Y} and G. Maier and S. McArthur and A. McCann and K. Meagher and P. Moriarty and R. Mukherjee and D. Nieto and {O'Faol{\'a}in De Bhr{\'o}ithe}, A. and Ong, {R. A.} and N. Park and D. Petry and M. Pohl and A. Popkow and K. Ragan and G. Ratliff and Reyes, {L. C.} and Reynolds, {P. T.} and Richards, {G. T.} and E. Roache and M. Santander and Sembroski, {G. H.} and K. Shahinyan and D. Staszak and I. Telezhinsky and Tucci, {J. V.} and J. Tyler and Vassiliev, {V. V.} and Wakely, {S. P.} and Weiner, {O. M.} and A. Weinstein and A. Wilhelm and Williams, {D. A.} and B. Zitzer and O. Vince and L. Fuhrmann and E. Angelakis and V. Karamanavis and I. Myserlis and Krichbaum, {T. P.} and Zensus, {J. A.} and H. Ungerechts and A. Sievers and R. Bachev and M. B{\"o}ttcher and Chen, {W. P.} and G. Damljanovic and C. Eswaraiah and T. G{\"u}ver and T. Hovatta and Z. Hughes and Ibryamov, {S. I.} and Joner, {M. D.} and B. Jordan and Jorstad, {S. G.} and M. Joshi and Jun Kataoka and Kurtanidze, {O. M.} and Kurtanidze, {S. O.} and A. L{\"a}hteenm{\"a}ki and G. Latev and Lin, {H. C.} and Larionov, {V. M.} and Mokrushina, {A. A.} and Morozova, {D. A.} and Nikolashvili, {M. G.} and Raiteri, {C. M.} and V. Ramakrishnan and {R. Readhead}, {A. C.} and Sadun, {A. C.} and Sigua, {L. A.} and Semkov, {E. H.} and A. Strigachev and J. Tammi and M. Tornikoski and Troitskaya, {Y. V.} and Troitsky, {I. S.} and M. Villata",
    year = "2015",
    month = "10",
    day = "10",
    doi = "10.1088/0004-637X/812/1/65",
    language = "English",
    volume = "812",
    journal = "Astrophysical Journal",
    issn = "0004-637X",
    publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",
    number = "1",

    }

    TY - JOUR

    T1 - FIRST NuSTAR OBSERVATIONS of MRK 501 WITHIN A RADIO to TeV MULTI-INSTRUMENT CAMPAIGN

    AU - Furniss, A.

    AU - Noda, K.

    AU - Boggs, S.

    AU - Chiang, J.

    AU - Christensen, F.

    AU - Craig, W.

    AU - Giommi, P.

    AU - Hailey, C.

    AU - Harisson, F.

    AU - Madejski, G.

    AU - Nalewajko, K.

    AU - Perri, M.

    AU - Stern, D.

    AU - Urry, M.

    AU - Verrecchia, F.

    AU - Zhang, W.

    AU - Ahnen, M. L.

    AU - Ansoldi, S.

    AU - Antonelli, L. A.

    AU - Antoranz, P.

    AU - Babic, A.

    AU - Banerjee, B.

    AU - Bangale, P.

    AU - Barres De Almeida, U.

    AU - A. Barrio, J.

    AU - Becerra González, J.

    AU - Bednarek, W.

    AU - Bernardini, E.

    AU - Biasuzzi, B.

    AU - Biland, A.

    AU - Blanch, O.

    AU - Bonnefoy, S.

    AU - Bonnoli, G.

    AU - Borracci, F.

    AU - Bretz, T.

    AU - Carmona, E.

    AU - Carosi, A.

    AU - Chatterjee, A.

    AU - Clavero, R.

    AU - Colin, P.

    AU - Colombo, E.

    AU - Contreras, J. L.

    AU - Cortina, J.

    AU - Covino, S.

    AU - Da Vela, P.

    AU - Dazzi, F.

    AU - De Angelis, A.

    AU - De Caneva, G.

    AU - De Lotto, B.

    AU - De Oña Wilhelmi, E.

    AU - Delgado Mendez, C.

    AU - Di Pierro, F.

    AU - Dominis Prester, D.

    AU - Dorner, D.

    AU - Doro, M.

    AU - Einecke, S.

    AU - Eisenacher Glawion, D.

    AU - Elsaesser, D.

    AU - Fernández-Barral, A.

    AU - Fidalgo, D.

    AU - Fonseca, M. V.

    AU - Font, L.

    AU - Frantzen, K.

    AU - Fruck, C.

    AU - Galindo, D.

    AU - García López, R. J.

    AU - Garczarczyk, M.

    AU - Garrido Terrats, D.

    AU - Gaug, M.

    AU - Giammaria, P.

    AU - Godinović, N.

    AU - González Muñoz, A.

    AU - Guberman, D.

    AU - Hanabata, Y.

    AU - Hayashida, M.

    AU - Herrera, J.

    AU - Hose, J.

    AU - Hrupec, D.

    AU - Hughes, G.

    AU - Idec, W.

    AU - Kellermann, H.

    AU - Kodani, K.

    AU - Konno, Y.

    AU - Kubo, H.

    AU - Kushida, J.

    AU - La Barbera, A.

    AU - Lelas, D.

    AU - Lewandowska, N.

    AU - Lindfors, E.

    AU - Lombardi, S.

    AU - Longo, F.

    AU - López, M.

    AU - López-Coto, R.

    AU - López-Oramas, A.

    AU - Lorenz, E.

    AU - Majumdar, P.

    AU - Makariev, M.

    AU - Mallot, K.

    AU - Maneva, G.

    AU - Manganaro, M.

    AU - Mannheim, K.

    AU - Maraschi, L.

    AU - Marcote, B.

    AU - Mariotti, M.

    AU - Martínez, M.

    AU - Mazin, D.

    AU - Menzel, U.

    AU - Miranda, J. M.

    AU - Mirzoyan, R.

    AU - Moralejo, A.

    AU - Nakajima, D.

    AU - Neustroev, V.

    AU - Niedzwiecki, A.

    AU - Nievas Rosillo, M.

    AU - Nilsson, K.

    AU - Nishijima, K.

    AU - Orito, R.

    AU - Overkemping, A.

    AU - Paiano, S.

    AU - Palacio, J.

    AU - Palatiello, M.

    AU - Paneque, D.

    AU - Paoletti, R.

    AU - Paredes, J. M.

    AU - Paredes-Fortuny, X.

    AU - Persic, M.

    AU - Poutanen, J.

    AU - Prada Moroni, P. G.

    AU - Prandini, E.

    AU - Puljak, I.

    AU - Reinthal, R.

    AU - Rhode, W.

    AU - Ribó, M.

    AU - Rico, J.

    AU - Rodriguez Garcia, J.

    AU - Saito, T.

    AU - Saito, K.

    AU - Satalecka, K.

    AU - Scapin, V.

    AU - Schultz, C.

    AU - Schweizer, T.

    AU - Shore, S. N.

    AU - Sillanpä, A.

    AU - Sitarek, J.

    AU - Snidaric, I.

    AU - Sobczynska, D.

    AU - Stamerra, A.

    AU - Steinbring, T.

    AU - Strzys, M.

    AU - Takalo, L.

    AU - Takami, H.

    AU - Tavecchio, F.

    AU - Temnikov, P.

    AU - Terzić, T.

    AU - Tescaro, D.

    AU - Teshima, M.

    AU - Thaele, J.

    AU - Torres, D. F.

    AU - Toyama, T.

    AU - Treves, A.

    AU - Verguilov, V.

    AU - Vovk, I.

    AU - Will, M.

    AU - Zanin, R.

    AU - Archer, A.

    AU - Benbow, W.

    AU - Bird, R.

    AU - Biteau, J.

    AU - Bugaev, V.

    AU - Cardenzana, J. V.

    AU - Cerruti, M.

    AU - Chen, X.

    AU - Ciupik, L.

    AU - Connolly, M. P.

    AU - Cui, W.

    AU - Dickinson, H. J.

    AU - Dumm, J.

    AU - Eisch, J. D.

    AU - Falcone, A.

    AU - Feng, Q.

    AU - Finley, J. P.

    AU - Fleischhack, H.

    AU - Fortin, P.

    AU - Fortson, L.

    AU - Gerard, L.

    AU - Gillanders, G. H.

    AU - Griffin, S.

    AU - Griffiths, S. T.

    AU - Grube, J.

    AU - Gyuk, G.

    AU - Håkansson, N.

    AU - Holder, J.

    AU - Humensky, T. B.

    AU - Johnson, C. A.

    AU - Kaaret, P.

    AU - Kertzman, M.

    AU - Kieda, D.

    AU - Krause, M.

    AU - Krennrich, F.

    AU - Lang, M. J.

    AU - Lin, T. T Y

    AU - Maier, G.

    AU - McArthur, S.

    AU - McCann, A.

    AU - Meagher, K.

    AU - Moriarty, P.

    AU - Mukherjee, R.

    AU - Nieto, D.

    AU - O'Faoláin De Bhróithe, A.

    AU - Ong, R. A.

    AU - Park, N.

    AU - Petry, D.

    AU - Pohl, M.

    AU - Popkow, A.

    AU - Ragan, K.

    AU - Ratliff, G.

    AU - Reyes, L. C.

    AU - Reynolds, P. T.

    AU - Richards, G. T.

    AU - Roache, E.

    AU - Santander, M.

    AU - Sembroski, G. H.

    AU - Shahinyan, K.

    AU - Staszak, D.

    AU - Telezhinsky, I.

    AU - Tucci, J. V.

    AU - Tyler, J.

    AU - Vassiliev, V. V.

    AU - Wakely, S. P.

    AU - Weiner, O. M.

    AU - Weinstein, A.

    AU - Wilhelm, A.

    AU - Williams, D. A.

    AU - Zitzer, B.

    AU - Vince, O.

    AU - Fuhrmann, L.

    AU - Angelakis, E.

    AU - Karamanavis, V.

    AU - Myserlis, I.

    AU - Krichbaum, T. P.

    AU - Zensus, J. A.

    AU - Ungerechts, H.

    AU - Sievers, A.

    AU - Bachev, R.

    AU - Böttcher, M.

    AU - Chen, W. P.

    AU - Damljanovic, G.

    AU - Eswaraiah, C.

    AU - Güver, T.

    AU - Hovatta, T.

    AU - Hughes, Z.

    AU - Ibryamov, S. I.

    AU - Joner, M. D.

    AU - Jordan, B.

    AU - Jorstad, S. G.

    AU - Joshi, M.

    AU - Kataoka, Jun

    AU - Kurtanidze, O. M.

    AU - Kurtanidze, S. O.

    AU - Lähteenmäki, A.

    AU - Latev, G.

    AU - Lin, H. C.

    AU - Larionov, V. M.

    AU - Mokrushina, A. A.

    AU - Morozova, D. A.

    AU - Nikolashvili, M. G.

    AU - Raiteri, C. M.

    AU - Ramakrishnan, V.

    AU - R. Readhead, A. C.

    AU - Sadun, A. C.

    AU - Sigua, L. A.

    AU - Semkov, E. H.

    AU - Strigachev, A.

    AU - Tammi, J.

    AU - Tornikoski, M.

    AU - Troitskaya, Y. V.

    AU - Troitsky, I. S.

    AU - Villata, M.

    PY - 2015/10/10

    Y1 - 2015/10/10

    N2 - We report on simultaneous broadband observations of the TeV-emitting blazar Markarian 501 between 2013 April 1 and August 10, including the first detailed characterization of the synchrotron peak with Swift and NuSTAR. During the campaign, the nearby BL Lac object was observed in both a quiescent and an elevated state. The broadband campaign includes observations with NuSTAR, MAGIC, VERITAS, the Fermi Large Area Telescope, Swift X-ray Telescope and UV Optical Telescope, various ground-based optical instruments, including the GASP-WEBT program, as well as radio observations by OVRO, Metsähovi, and the F-Gamma consortium. Some of the MAGIC observations were affected by a sand layer from the Saharan desert, and had to be corrected using event-by-event corrections derived with a Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) facility. This is the first time that LIDAR information is used to produce a physics result with Cherenkov Telescope data taken during adverse atmospheric conditions, and hence sets a precedent for the current and future ground-based gamma-ray instruments. The NuSTAR instrument provides unprecedented sensitivity in hard X-rays, showing the source to display a spectral energy distribution (SED) between 3 and 79 keV consistent with a log-parabolic spectrum and hard X-ray variability on hour timescales. None (of the four extended NuSTAR observations) show evidence of the onset of inverse-Compton emission at hard X-ray energies. We apply a single-zone equilibrium synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model to five simultaneous broadband SEDs. We find that the SSC model can reproduce the observed broadband states through a decrease in the magnetic field strength coinciding with an increase in the luminosity and hardness of the relativistic leptons responsible for the high-energy emission.

    AB - We report on simultaneous broadband observations of the TeV-emitting blazar Markarian 501 between 2013 April 1 and August 10, including the first detailed characterization of the synchrotron peak with Swift and NuSTAR. During the campaign, the nearby BL Lac object was observed in both a quiescent and an elevated state. The broadband campaign includes observations with NuSTAR, MAGIC, VERITAS, the Fermi Large Area Telescope, Swift X-ray Telescope and UV Optical Telescope, various ground-based optical instruments, including the GASP-WEBT program, as well as radio observations by OVRO, Metsähovi, and the F-Gamma consortium. Some of the MAGIC observations were affected by a sand layer from the Saharan desert, and had to be corrected using event-by-event corrections derived with a Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) facility. This is the first time that LIDAR information is used to produce a physics result with Cherenkov Telescope data taken during adverse atmospheric conditions, and hence sets a precedent for the current and future ground-based gamma-ray instruments. The NuSTAR instrument provides unprecedented sensitivity in hard X-rays, showing the source to display a spectral energy distribution (SED) between 3 and 79 keV consistent with a log-parabolic spectrum and hard X-ray variability on hour timescales. None (of the four extended NuSTAR observations) show evidence of the onset of inverse-Compton emission at hard X-ray energies. We apply a single-zone equilibrium synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model to five simultaneous broadband SEDs. We find that the SSC model can reproduce the observed broadband states through a decrease in the magnetic field strength coinciding with an increase in the luminosity and hardness of the relativistic leptons responsible for the high-energy emission.

    KW - BL Lacertae objects: general

    KW - galaxies: individual (Markarian 501)

    KW - X-rays: galaxies

    UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84946122101&partnerID=8YFLogxK

    UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84946122101&partnerID=8YFLogxK

    U2 - 10.1088/0004-637X/812/1/65

    DO - 10.1088/0004-637X/812/1/65

    M3 - Article

    AN - SCOPUS:84946122101

    VL - 812

    JO - Astrophysical Journal

    JF - Astrophysical Journal

    SN - 0004-637X

    IS - 1

    M1 - 65

    ER -

    Access to Document