Abstract
The Hitomi (ASTRO-H) mission is the sixth Japanese x-ray astronomy satellite developed by a large international collaboration, including Japan, USA, Canada, and Europe. The mission aimed to provide the highest energy resolution ever achieved at E > 2 keV, using a microcalorimeter instrument, and to cover a wide energy range spanning four decades in energy from soft x-rays to gamma rays. After a successful launch on February 17, 2016, the spacecraft lost its function on March 26, 2016, but the commissioning phase for about a month provided valuable information on the onboard instruments and the spacecraft system, including astrophysical results obtained from first light observations. The paper describes the Hitomi (ASTRO-H) mission, its capabilities, the initial operation, and the instruments/spacecraft performances confirmed during the commissioning operations for about a month.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 021402 |
| Journal | Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems |
| Volume | 4 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2018 Apr 1 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Gamma ray
- Gamma-ray astronomy
- Hard x-ray
- Microcalorimeter
- X-ray
- X-ray astronomy
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Control and Systems Engineering
- Instrumentation
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Mechanical Engineering
- Space and Planetary Science
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HITOMI (ASTRO-H) X-ray astronomy satellite. / Takahashi, Tadayuki; Kokubun, Motohide; Mitsuda, Kazuhisa et al.
In: Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems, Vol. 4, No. 2, 021402, 01.04.2018.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - HITOMI (ASTRO-H) X-ray astronomy satellite
AU - Takahashi, Tadayuki
AU - Kokubun, Motohide
AU - Mitsuda, Kazuhisa
AU - Kelley, Richard L.
AU - Ohashi, Takaya
AU - Aharonian, Felix
AU - Akamatsu, Hiroki
AU - Akimoto, Fumie
AU - Allen, Steven W.
AU - Anabuki, Naohisa
AU - Angelini, Lorella
AU - Arnaud, Keith
AU - Asai, Makoto
AU - Audard, Marc
AU - Awaki, Hisamitsu
AU - Axelsson, Magnus
AU - Azzarello, Philipp
AU - Baluta, Chris
AU - Bamba, Aya
AU - Bando, Nobutaka
AU - Bautz, Marshall W.
AU - Bialas, Thomas
AU - Blandford, Roger
AU - Boyce, Kevin
AU - Brenneman, Laura W.
AU - Brown, Gregory V.
AU - Bulbul, Esra
AU - Cackett, Edward M.
AU - Canavan, Edgar
AU - Chernyakova, Maria
AU - Chiao, Meng P.
AU - Coppi, Paolo S.
AU - Costantini, Elisa
AU - O' Dell, Steve
AU - DiPirro, Michael
AU - Done, Chris
AU - Dotani, Tadayasu
AU - Doty, John
AU - Ebisawa, Ken
AU - Eckart, Megan E.
AU - Enoto, Teruaki
AU - Ezoe, Yuichiro
AU - Fabian, Andrew C.
AU - Ferrigno, Carlo
AU - Foster, Adam R.
AU - Fujimoto, Ryuichi
AU - Fukazawa, Yasushi
AU - Funk, Stefan
AU - Furuzawa, Akihiro
AU - Galeazzi, Massimiliano
AU - Gallo, Luigi C.
AU - Gandhi, Poshak
AU - Gilmore, Kirk
AU - Giustini, Margherita
AU - Goldwurm, Andrea
AU - Gu, Liyi
AU - Guainazzi, Matteo
AU - Haas, Daniel
AU - Haba, Yoshito
AU - Hagino, Kouichi
AU - Hamaguchi, Kenji
AU - Harrus, Ilana M.
AU - Hatsukade, Isamu
AU - Hayashi, Takayuki
AU - Hayashi, Katsuhiro
AU - Hayashida, Kiyoshi
AU - Den Herder, Jan Willem
AU - Hiraga, Junko S.
AU - Hirose, Kazuyuki
AU - Hornschemeier, Ann
AU - Hoshino, Akio
AU - Hughes, John P.
AU - Ichinohe, Yuto
AU - Iizuka, Ryo
AU - Inoue, Hajime
AU - Inoue, Yoshiyuki
AU - Ishibashi, Kazunori
AU - Ishida, Manabu
AU - Ishikawa, Kumi
AU - Ishimura, Kosei
AU - Ishisaki, Yoshitaka
AU - Itoh, Masayuki
AU - Iwai, Masachika
AU - Iwata, Naoko
AU - Iyomoto, Naoko
AU - Jewell, Chris
AU - Kaastra, Jelle
AU - Kallman, Tim
AU - Kamae, Tsuneyoshi
AU - Kara, Erin
AU - Kataoka, Jun
AU - Katsuda, Satoru
AU - Katsuta, Junichiro
AU - Kawaharada, Madoka
AU - Kawai, Nobuyuki
AU - Kawano, Taro
AU - Kawasaki, Shigeo
AU - Khangulyan, Dmitry
AU - Kilbourne, Caroline A.
AU - Kimball, Mark
AU - King, Ashley
AU - Kitaguchi, Takao
AU - Kitamoto, Shunji
AU - Kitayama, Tetsu
AU - Kohmura, Takayoshi
AU - Konami, Saori
AU - Kosaka, Tatsuro
AU - Koujelev, Alex
AU - Koyama, Katsuji
AU - Koyama, Shu
AU - Kretschmar, Peter
AU - Krimm, Hans A.
AU - Kubota, Aya
AU - Kunieda, Hideyo
AU - Laurent, Philippe
AU - Lee, Shiu Hang
AU - Leutenegger, Maurice A.
AU - Limousin, Olivier
AU - Loewenstein, Michael
AU - Long, Knox S.
AU - Lumb, David
AU - Madejski, Greg
AU - Maeda, Yoshitomo
AU - Maier, Daniel
AU - Makishima, Kazuo
AU - Markevitch, Maxim
AU - Masters, Candace
AU - Matsumoto, Hironori
AU - Matsushita, Kyoko
AU - McCammon, Dan
AU - Mcguinness, Daniel
AU - McNamara, Brian R.
AU - Mehdipour, Missagh
AU - Miko, Joseph
AU - Miller, Eric D.
AU - Miller, Jon M.
AU - Mineshige, Shin
AU - Minesugi, Kenji
AU - Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki
AU - Miyazawa, Takuya
AU - Mizuno, Tsunefumi
AU - Mori, Hideyuki
AU - Mori, Koji
AU - Moroso, Franco
AU - Moseley, Harvey
AU - Muench, Theodore
AU - Mukai, Koji
AU - Murakami, Hiroshi
AU - Murakami, Toshio
AU - Mushotzky, Richard F.
AU - Nagano, Housei
AU - Nagino, Ryo
AU - Nakagawa, Takao
AU - Nakajima, Hiroshi
AU - Nakamori, Takeshi
AU - Nakano, Toshio
AU - Nakashima, Shinya
AU - Nakazawa, Kazuhiro
AU - Namba, Yoshiharu
AU - Natsukari, Chikara
AU - Nishioka, Yusuke
AU - Nobukawa, Kumiko K.
AU - Nobukawa, Masayoshi
AU - Noda, Hirofumi
AU - Nomachi, Masaharu
AU - Odaka, Hirokazu
AU - Ogawa, Hiroyuki
AU - Ogawa, Mina
AU - Ogi, Keiji
AU - Ohno, Masanori
AU - Ohta, Masayuki
AU - Okajima, Takashi
AU - Okamoto, Atsushi
AU - Okazaki, Tsuyoshi
AU - Ota, Naomi
AU - Ozaki, Masanobu
AU - Paerels, Frits
AU - Paltani, Stéphane
AU - Parmar, Arvind
AU - Petre, Robert
AU - Pinto, Ciro
AU - De Plaa, Jelle
AU - Pohl, Martin
AU - Pontius, James
AU - Porter, Frederick S.
AU - Pottschmidt, Katja
AU - Ramsey, Brian
AU - Reynolds, Christopher
AU - Russell, Helen
AU - Safi-Harb, Samar
AU - Saito, Shinya
AU - Sakai, Kazuhiro
AU - Sakai, Shin Ichiro
AU - Sameshima, Hiroaki
AU - Sasaki, Toru
AU - Sato, Goro
AU - Sato, Kosuke
AU - Sato, Rie
AU - Sato, Yoichi
AU - Sawada, Makoto
AU - Schartel, Norbert
AU - Serlemitsos, Peter J.
AU - Seta, Hiromi
AU - Shibano, Yasuko
AU - Shida, Maki
AU - Shidatsu, Megumi
AU - Shimada, Takanobu
AU - Shinozaki, Keisuke
AU - Shirron, Peter
AU - Simionescu, Aurora
AU - Simmons, Cynthia
AU - Smith, Randall K.
AU - Sneiderman, Gary
AU - Soong, Yang
AU - Stawarz, Łukasz
AU - Sugawara, Yasuharu
AU - Sugita, Satoshi
AU - Sugita, Hiroyuki
AU - Szymkowiak, Andrew
AU - Tajima, Hiroyasu
AU - Takahashi, Hiromitsu
AU - Shin'ichiro, Takeda
AU - Takei, Yoh
AU - Tamagawa, Toru
AU - Tamura, Takayuki
AU - Tamura, Keisuke
AU - Tanaka, Takaaki
AU - Tanaka, Yasuo
AU - Tanaka, Yasuyuki T.
AU - Tashiro, Makoto S.
AU - Tawara, Yuzuru
AU - Terada, Yukikatsu
AU - Terashima, Yuichi
AU - Tombesi, Francesco
AU - Tomida, Hiroshi
AU - Tsuboi, Yohko
AU - Tsujimoto, Masahiro
AU - Tsunemi, Hiroshi
AU - Tsuru, Takeshi Go
AU - Uchida, Hiroyuki
AU - Uchiyama, Hideki
AU - Uchiyama, Yasunobu
AU - Ueda, Shutaro
AU - Ueda, Yoshihiro
AU - Ueno, Shiro
AU - Shin'ichiro, Uno
AU - Megan Urry, C.
AU - Ursino, Eugenio
AU - De Vries, Cor P.
AU - Wada, Atsushi
AU - Watanabe, Shin
AU - Watanabe, Tomomi
AU - Werner, Norbert
AU - Wik, Daniel R.
AU - Wilkins, Dan R.
AU - Williams, Brian J.
AU - Yamada, Shinya
AU - Yamada, Takahiro
AU - Yamaguchi, Hiroya
AU - Yamaoka, Kazutaka
AU - Yamasaki, Noriko Y.
AU - Yamauchi, Makoto
AU - Yamauchi, Shigeo
AU - Yaqoob, Tahir
AU - Yatsu, Yoichi
AU - Yonetoku, Daisuke
AU - Yoshida, Atsumasa
AU - Yuasa, Takayuki
AU - Zhuravleva, Irina
AU - Zoghbi, Abderahmen
N1 - Funding Information: We thank the support from the JSPS Core-to-Core Program. We acknowledge all the JAXA members who have contributed to the ASTRO-H (Hitomi) project. All U.S. members gratefully acknowledge support through the NASA Science Mission Directorate. Stanford and SLAC members acknowledge support via DoE contract to SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory No. DE-AC3-76SF00515. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DoE by LLNL under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. Support from the European Space Agency is gratefully acknowledged. French members acknowledge support from the Centre National d'Études Spatiales. SRON is supported by NWO, the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research. Swiss team acknowledges support of the Swiss Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation. The Canadian Space Agency is acknowledged for the support of Canadian members. We acknowledge support from JSPS/ MEXT KAKENHI Grant Nos. JP15H00773, JP15H00785, JP15H02070, JP15H02090, JP15H03639, JP15H03641, JP15H03642, JP15H05438, JP15H06896, JP15J02737, JP15K05107, JP15K17610, JP15K17657, JP16H00949, JP16H03983, JP16H06342, JP16J00548, JP16J02333, JP16K05295, JP16K05296, JP16K05300, JP16K05309, JP16K13787, JP16K17667, JP16K17672, JP16K17673, JP17H02864, JP17K05393, JP21659292, JP23340055, JP23340071, JP23540280, JP24105007, JP24244014, JP24540232, JP25105516, JP25109004, JP25247028, JP25287042, JP25400236, JP25800119, JP26109506, JP26220703, JP26400228, JP26610047, and JP26800102. The following NASA Grants are acknowledged: NNX15AC76G, NNX15AE16G, NNX15AK71G, NNX15AU54G, NNX15AW94G, and NNG15PP48P to Eureka Scientific. This work was partly supported by Leading Initiative for Excellent Young Researchers, MEXT, Japan, and also by the Research Fellowship of JSPS for Young Scientists. H. Akamatsu acknowledges support of NWO via Veni grant. C. Done acknowledges STFC funding under Grant No. ST/L00075X/ 1. A. Fabian and C. Pinto acknowledge ERC Advanced Grant No. 340442. P. Gandhi acknowledges JAXA International Top Young Fellowship and UK Science and Technology Funding Council Grant No. ST/J003697/2. Y. Ichinohe, K. Nobukawa, and H. Seta are supported by the Research Fellow of JSPS for Young Scientists. N. Kawai is supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “New Developments in Astrophysics Through Multimessenger Observations of Gravitational Wave Sources.” S. Kitamoto is partially supported by the MEXT Supported Program for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities, 2014 to 2018. B. McNamara and S. Safi-Harb acknowledge support from NSERC. T. Dotani, T. Takahashi, T. Tamagawa, M. Tsujimoto, and Y. Uchiyama acknowledge support from the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “Nuclear Matter in Neutron Stars Investigated by Experiments and Astronomical Observations.” N. Werner is supported by the Lendület LP2016-11 Grant from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. D. Wilkins is supported by NASA through Einstein Fellowship Grant No. PF6-170160, awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under Contract No NAS8-03060. We thank contributions by many companies, including in particular, NEC, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Sumitomo Heavy Industries, and Japan Aviation Electronics Industry. We acknowledge contribution and support by late Henri Aarts and Koujun Yamashita. It is our honor that we could have worked together with them for long years. Contributions by Takashi Kubota and Atushi Harayama are gratefully acknowledged. We note that this mission is supported by dedicated works of many graduate and undergraduate students from universities and research institutes participated in this project. Finally, we thank the following engineers ADNET Systems: Michael Witthoeft, Kristin Rutkowski, Robert S. Hill, and Joseph Eggen; Wyle Information Systems: Andrew Sargent and Michael Dutka; SRON: Martin Frericks, Philippe Laubert, and Paul Lowes. Funding Information: We thank the support from the JSPS Core-to-Core Program. We acknowledge all the JAXA members who have contributed to the ASTRO-H (Hitomi) project. All U.S. members gratefully acknowledge support through the NASA Science Mission Directorate. Stanford and SLAC members acknowledge support via DoE contract to SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory No. DE-AC3-76SF00515. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DoE by LLNL under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. Support from the European Space Agency is gratefully acknowledged. French members acknowledge support from the Centre National d’Études Spatiales. SRON is supported by NWO, the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research. Swiss team acknowledges support of the Swiss Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation. The Canadian Space Agency is acknowledged for the support of Canadian members. We acknowledge support from JSPS/ MEXT KAKENHI Grant Nos. JP15H00773, JP15H00785, JP15H02070, JP15H02090, JP15H03639, JP15H03641, JP15H03642, JP15H05438, JP15H06896, JP15J02737, JP15K05107, JP15K17610, JP15K17657, JP16H00949, JP16H03983, JP16H06342, JP16J00548, JP16J02333, JP16K05295, JP16K05296, JP16K05300, JP16K05309, JP16K13787, JP16K17667, JP16K17672, JP16K17673, JP17H02864, JP17K05393, JP21659292, JP23340055, JP23340071, JP23540280, JP24105007, JP24244014, JP24540232, JP25105516, JP25109004, JP25247028, JP25287042, JP25400236, JP25800119, JP26109506, JP26220703, JP26400228, JP26610047, and JP26800102. The following NASA Grants are acknowledged: NNX15AC76G, NNX15AE16G, NNX15AK71G, NNX15AU54G, NNX15AW94G, and NNG15PP48P to Eureka Scientific. This work was partly supported by Leading Initiative for Excellent Young Researchers, MEXT, Japan, and also by the Research Fellowship of JSPS for Young Scientists. H. Akamatsu acknowledges support of NWO via Veni grant. C. Done acknowledges STFC funding under Grant No. ST/L00075X/ 1. A. Fabian and C. Pinto acknowledge ERC Advanced Grant No. 340442. P. Gandhi acknowledges JAXA International Top Young Fellowship and UK Science and Technology Funding Council Grant No. ST/J003697/2. Y. Ichinohe, K. Nobukawa, and H. Seta are supported by the Research Fellow of JSPS for Young Scientists. N. Kawai is supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “New Developments in Astrophysics Through Multimessenger Observations of Gravitational Wave Sources.” S. Kitamoto is partially supported by the MEXT Supported Program for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities, 2014 to 2018. B. McNamara and S. Safi-Harb acknowledge support from NSERC. T. Dotani, T. Takahashi, T. Tamagawa, M. Tsujimoto, and Y. Uchiyama acknowledge support from the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “Nuclear Matter in Neutron Stars Investigated by Experiments and Astronomical Observations.” N. Werner is supported by the Lendület LP2016-11 Grant from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. D. Wilkins is supported by NASA through Einstein Fellowship Grant No. PF6-170160, awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under Contract No NAS8-03060. We thank contributions by many companies, including in particular, NEC, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Sumitomo Heavy Industries, and Japan Aviation Electronics Industry. We acknowledge contribution and support by late Henri Aarts and Koujun Yamashita. It is our honor that we could have worked together with them for long years. Contributions by Takashi Kubota and Atushi Harayama are gratefully acknowledged. We note that this mission is supported by dedicated works of many graduate and undergraduate students from universities and research institutes participated in this project. Finally, we thank the following engineers ADNET Systems: Michael Witthoeft, Kristin Rutkowski, Robert S. Hill, and Joseph Eggen; Wyle Information Systems: Andrew Sargent and Michael Dutka; SRON: Martin Frericks, Philippe Laubert, and Paul Lowes. Publisher Copyright: © The Authors.
PY - 2018/4/1
Y1 - 2018/4/1
N2 - The Hitomi (ASTRO-H) mission is the sixth Japanese x-ray astronomy satellite developed by a large international collaboration, including Japan, USA, Canada, and Europe. The mission aimed to provide the highest energy resolution ever achieved at E > 2 keV, using a microcalorimeter instrument, and to cover a wide energy range spanning four decades in energy from soft x-rays to gamma rays. After a successful launch on February 17, 2016, the spacecraft lost its function on March 26, 2016, but the commissioning phase for about a month provided valuable information on the onboard instruments and the spacecraft system, including astrophysical results obtained from first light observations. The paper describes the Hitomi (ASTRO-H) mission, its capabilities, the initial operation, and the instruments/spacecraft performances confirmed during the commissioning operations for about a month.
AB - The Hitomi (ASTRO-H) mission is the sixth Japanese x-ray astronomy satellite developed by a large international collaboration, including Japan, USA, Canada, and Europe. The mission aimed to provide the highest energy resolution ever achieved at E > 2 keV, using a microcalorimeter instrument, and to cover a wide energy range spanning four decades in energy from soft x-rays to gamma rays. After a successful launch on February 17, 2016, the spacecraft lost its function on March 26, 2016, but the commissioning phase for about a month provided valuable information on the onboard instruments and the spacecraft system, including astrophysical results obtained from first light observations. The paper describes the Hitomi (ASTRO-H) mission, its capabilities, the initial operation, and the instruments/spacecraft performances confirmed during the commissioning operations for about a month.
KW - Gamma ray
KW - Gamma-ray astronomy
KW - Hard x-ray
KW - Microcalorimeter
KW - X-ray
KW - X-ray astronomy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85062992860&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85062992860&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1117/1.JATIS.4.2.021402
DO - 10.1117/1.JATIS.4.2.021402
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85062992860
VL - 4
JO - Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems
JF - Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems
SN - 2329-4124
IS - 2
M1 - 021402
ER -