@article{2d58cabe3ab44d8c8c28ec7ecd3daa54,
title = "Kinetic square scheme in oxygen-redox battery electrodes",
abstract = "Integrating an anionic-redox (or oxygen-redox) capacity with a conventional cationic-redox capacity is a promising strategy for large-capacity battery cathodes exceeding present technical limits. However, most oxygen-redox cathodes exhibit a large charge/discharge voltage hysteresis (>0.5 V), resulting in poor energy efficiency and impractical implementation. Here, we show that nonpolarizing O− ↔ O2− (4.4 V vs. Li/Li+) and polarizing O22− → O2− (3.3 V vs. Li/Li+) coexist and kinetically compete in O2-type Li1.12-yNi0.17Mn0.71O2. The oxygen-redox reaction is described as a square scheme, involving bond-forming 2O− → O22− and bond-cleaving O24− → 2O2− processes, where preventing the formation of O22− is essential to realize non-polarizing and energy-efficient oxygen-redox reactions.",
author = "Kosuke Kawai and Shi, {Xiang Mei} and Norio Takenaka and Jeonguk Jang and {de Boisse}, {Benoit Mortemard} and Akihisa Tsuchimoto and Daisuke Asakura and Jun Kikkawa and Masanobu Nakayama and Masashi Okubo and Atsuo Yamada",
note = "Funding Information: This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan; Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research No. 15H05701 and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) No. 20H05673. This work was also supported by “Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB)”. M. O. was financially supported by JPSP KAKENHI (Grant Number: 19H05816, 18K19124, and 18H03924), and the Asahi Glass Foundation. M. N. was financially supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “Interface Ionics” (Grant Number: 19H05815). K. K. was financially supported by JPSP KAKENHI (Grant Number: 20J14291). Soft X-ray absorption/emission spectroscopy at BL07LSU of SPring-8 was performed by joint research in SRRO and ISSP, the University of Tokyo (Proposal No. 2020A7474, 2019B7456, 2019A7452, 2018B7590, 2018A7560, 2018B1514, 2017B1328, and 2016B1503). Soft X-ray absorption/emission spectroscopy at BL27SU of SPring-8 was performed under the approval of the Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI) (Proposal No. 2018A1359). XAFS was performed under the approval of the Photon Factory Program Advisory Committee (Proposal No. 2018G082). Magnetic measurements were performed using facilities of the Cryogenic Research Center, the University of Tokyo. The computations partly conducted in this study have been partly pursued by using the facilities of the Supercomputer Center at the Institute for Solid State Physics at the University of Tokyo. The authors are grateful to J. Miyawaki and Y. Harada at the University of Tokyo and K. Tsuruta and Y. Tamenori at JASRI for their support on the X-ray absorption/emission experiments. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Royal Society of Chemistry",
year = "2022",
month = may,
day = "18",
doi = "10.1039/d1ee03503g",
language = "English",
volume = "15",
pages = "2591--2600",
journal = "Energy and Environmental Science",
issn = "1754-5692",
publisher = "Royal Society of Chemistry",
number = "6",
}