Linear Ladder-Type π-Conjugated Polymers Composed of Fused Thiophene Ring Systems

The study of a linear ladder-type π-conjugated polymers of carbon-sulfur (C₂S) analogue of polyacene was presented. The synthesis of ladder-type polymer was achieved via the intramolecular condensation process that resulted in the formation of fused, cross-conjugated thiophene rings. The geometrical relaxation process and various energetic and structural aspects of the convergence behavior of the polaronic and bipolaronic defects on the long chains were also studied. The energetic aspects of doping behavior suggested the possession of polaron as the prevailing charged species by the ladder-type polymer.