TY - JOUR
T1 - Objectively Measured Daily Step Counts and Prevalence of Frailty in 3,616 Older Adults
AU - Watanabe, Daiki
AU - Yoshida, Tsukasa
AU - Watanabe, Yuya
AU - Yamada, Yosuke
AU - Kimura, Misaka
AU - Group, Kyoto Kameoka Study
N1 - Funding Information:
The Kyoto‐Kameoka study was conducted with Grant‐in‐Aid of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI and was supported by a research grant provided to Misaka Kimura (24240091) and Yosuke Yamada (15H05363), a grant and administrative support by the Kyoto Prefecture Community‐Based Integrated Older Adults Care Systems Promotion Organization since 2011, Kameoka City, under the program of the Long‐Term Care Insurance and Planning Division of the Health and Welfare Bureau for older adults, Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, and the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Community Safety Promotion. Ajinomoto Co, Inc, provided funding to Y.Y. to conduct this study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The American Geriatrics Society.
PY - 2020/10/1
Y1 - 2020/10/1
N2 - OBJECTIVES: Although previous studies have reported lower mortality and morbidity in people with higher daily step counts, the association between frailty and objectively measured step counts has not been evaluated well. We investigated the association between step counts and prevalence of frailty in community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: The Kyoto-Kameoka study in Japan. PARTICIPANTS: We used data of 3,616 Japanese older adults, aged 65 years or older, with valid daily step count data, obtained by an accelerometer-based pedometer. MEASUREMENTS: The step count during 4 or more days was objectively obtained by a validated triaxial accelerometer. Participants were classified by quartiles (Qs) based on their step counts. Frailty was defined using the Fried phenotype (FP) model and the Kihon Checklist (KCL). We evaluated the association between prevalence of frailty and step counts using multivariate logistic regression and the restricted cubic spline model. RESULTS: Mean step counts across low-to-high Qs of distribution were 1,759, 2,988, 4,377, and 7,200 steps/day, respectively. The prevalence of frailty, as defined by the FP model and KCL, was 11.3% and 26.8%, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, there was a negative association between the odds ratio (OR) and prevalence of frailty, as defined by the FP model among people with higher step counts (Q1: reference; Q2: OR = 0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.56–0.96; Q3: OR = 0.56; 95% CI = 0.42–0.76; and Q4: OR = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.30–0.57; P for trend <.001). The mean step count of the population was 4,081. The OR of frailty for a 1,000-steps/day increment was 0.74 (95% CI = 0.58–0.91) and 0.85 (95% CI = 0.72–0.97) below 4,000 steps and above 4,000 steps, respectively. In the spline model, this relationship was similar between the FP model and KCL. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that slightly increasing the current step count, as by 1,000 steps/day (about 10 minutes of activity), may potentially prevent frailty. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:2310–2318, 2020.
AB - OBJECTIVES: Although previous studies have reported lower mortality and morbidity in people with higher daily step counts, the association between frailty and objectively measured step counts has not been evaluated well. We investigated the association between step counts and prevalence of frailty in community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: The Kyoto-Kameoka study in Japan. PARTICIPANTS: We used data of 3,616 Japanese older adults, aged 65 years or older, with valid daily step count data, obtained by an accelerometer-based pedometer. MEASUREMENTS: The step count during 4 or more days was objectively obtained by a validated triaxial accelerometer. Participants were classified by quartiles (Qs) based on their step counts. Frailty was defined using the Fried phenotype (FP) model and the Kihon Checklist (KCL). We evaluated the association between prevalence of frailty and step counts using multivariate logistic regression and the restricted cubic spline model. RESULTS: Mean step counts across low-to-high Qs of distribution were 1,759, 2,988, 4,377, and 7,200 steps/day, respectively. The prevalence of frailty, as defined by the FP model and KCL, was 11.3% and 26.8%, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, there was a negative association between the odds ratio (OR) and prevalence of frailty, as defined by the FP model among people with higher step counts (Q1: reference; Q2: OR = 0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.56–0.96; Q3: OR = 0.56; 95% CI = 0.42–0.76; and Q4: OR = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.30–0.57; P for trend <.001). The mean step count of the population was 4,081. The OR of frailty for a 1,000-steps/day increment was 0.74 (95% CI = 0.58–0.91) and 0.85 (95% CI = 0.72–0.97) below 4,000 steps and above 4,000 steps, respectively. In the spline model, this relationship was similar between the FP model and KCL. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that slightly increasing the current step count, as by 1,000 steps/day (about 10 minutes of activity), may potentially prevent frailty. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:2310–2318, 2020.
KW - accelerometer
KW - frailty
KW - older adults
KW - restricted cubic spline model
KW - step
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U2 - 10.1111/jgs.16655
DO - 10.1111/jgs.16655
M3 - Article
C2 - 33269469
AN - SCOPUS:85086837252
SN - 0002-8614
VL - 68
SP - 2310
EP - 2318
JO - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
JF - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
IS - 10
ER -