Operando characterization of cathodic reactions in a liquid-state lithium-oxygen micro-battery by scanning transmission electron microscopy

Pan Liu; Jiuhui Han; Xianwei Guo; Yoshikazu Ito; Chuchu Yang; Shoucong Ning; Takeshi Fujita; Akihiko Hirata; Mingwei Chen

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-21503-w

Operando characterization of cathodic reactions in a liquid-state lithium-oxygen micro-battery by scanning transmission electron microscopy

Pan Liu, Jiuhui Han, Xianwei Guo, Yoshikazu Ito, Chuchu Yang, Shoucong Ning, Takeshi Fujita, Akihiko Hirata, Mingwei Chen^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

21 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Rechargeable non-aqueous lithium-oxygen batteries with a large theoretical capacity are emerging as a high-energy electrochemical device for sustainable energy strategy. Despite many efforts made to understand the fundamental Li-O₂ electrochemistry, the kinetic process of cathodic reactions, associated with the formation and decomposition of a solid Li₂O₂ phase during charging and discharging, remains debate. Here we report direct visualization of the charge/discharge reactions on a gold cathode in a non-aqueous lithium-oxygen micro-battery using liquid-cell aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combining with synchronized electrochemical measurements. The real-time and real-space characterization by time-resolved STEM reveals the electrochemical correspondence of discharge/charge overpotentials to the nucleation, growth and decomposition of Li₂O₂ at a constant current density. The nano-scale operando observations would enrich our knowledge on the underlying reaction mechanisms of lithium-oxygen batteries during round-trip discharging and charging and shed lights on the strategies in improving the performances of lithium-oxygen batteries by tailoring the cathodic reactions.

Original language	English
Article number	3134
Journal	Scientific reports
Volume	8
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-21503-w
Publication status	Published - 2018 Dec 1
Externally published	Yes

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title = "Operando characterization of cathodic reactions in a liquid-state lithium-oxygen micro-battery by scanning transmission electron microscopy",

abstract = "Rechargeable non-aqueous lithium-oxygen batteries with a large theoretical capacity are emerging as a high-energy electrochemical device for sustainable energy strategy. Despite many efforts made to understand the fundamental Li-O2 electrochemistry, the kinetic process of cathodic reactions, associated with the formation and decomposition of a solid Li2O2 phase during charging and discharging, remains debate. Here we report direct visualization of the charge/discharge reactions on a gold cathode in a non-aqueous lithium-oxygen micro-battery using liquid-cell aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combining with synchronized electrochemical measurements. The real-time and real-space characterization by time-resolved STEM reveals the electrochemical correspondence of discharge/charge overpotentials to the nucleation, growth and decomposition of Li2O2 at a constant current density. The nano-scale operando observations would enrich our knowledge on the underlying reaction mechanisms of lithium-oxygen batteries during round-trip discharging and charging and shed lights on the strategies in improving the performances of lithium-oxygen batteries by tailoring the cathodic reactions.",

author = "Pan Liu and Jiuhui Han and Xianwei Guo and Yoshikazu Ito and Chuchu Yang and Shoucong Ning and Takeshi Fujita and Akihiko Hirata and Mingwei Chen",

note = "Funding Information: This work is sponsored by JST-CREST “Phase Interface Science for Highly Efficient Energy Utilization”, JST, Japan; World Premier International (WPI) Research Center Initiative for Atoms, Molecules and Materials, MEXT, Japan; Shanghai Pujiang Program (17PJ1403700); and National Natural Science Foundation of China (11704245). Funding Information: This work is sponsored by JST-CREST {"}Phase Interface Science for Highly Efficient Energy Utilization{"}, JST, Japan; World Premier International (WPI) Research Center Initiative for Atoms, Molecules and Materials, MEXT, Japan; Shanghai Pujiang Program (17PJ1403700); and National Natural Science Foundation of China (11704245). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 The Author(s).",

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doi = "10.1038/s41598-018-21503-w",

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AU - Liu, Pan

AU - Han, Jiuhui

AU - Guo, Xianwei

AU - Ito, Yoshikazu

AU - Yang, Chuchu

AU - Ning, Shoucong

AU - Fujita, Takeshi

AU - Hirata, Akihiko

AU - Chen, Mingwei

N1 - Funding Information: This work is sponsored by JST-CREST “Phase Interface Science for Highly Efficient Energy Utilization”, JST, Japan; World Premier International (WPI) Research Center Initiative for Atoms, Molecules and Materials, MEXT, Japan; Shanghai Pujiang Program (17PJ1403700); and National Natural Science Foundation of China (11704245). Funding Information: This work is sponsored by JST-CREST "Phase Interface Science for Highly Efficient Energy Utilization", JST, Japan; World Premier International (WPI) Research Center Initiative for Atoms, Molecules and Materials, MEXT, Japan; Shanghai Pujiang Program (17PJ1403700); and National Natural Science Foundation of China (11704245). Publisher Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s).

PY - 2018/12/1

Y1 - 2018/12/1

N2 - Rechargeable non-aqueous lithium-oxygen batteries with a large theoretical capacity are emerging as a high-energy electrochemical device for sustainable energy strategy. Despite many efforts made to understand the fundamental Li-O2 electrochemistry, the kinetic process of cathodic reactions, associated with the formation and decomposition of a solid Li2O2 phase during charging and discharging, remains debate. Here we report direct visualization of the charge/discharge reactions on a gold cathode in a non-aqueous lithium-oxygen micro-battery using liquid-cell aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combining with synchronized electrochemical measurements. The real-time and real-space characterization by time-resolved STEM reveals the electrochemical correspondence of discharge/charge overpotentials to the nucleation, growth and decomposition of Li2O2 at a constant current density. The nano-scale operando observations would enrich our knowledge on the underlying reaction mechanisms of lithium-oxygen batteries during round-trip discharging and charging and shed lights on the strategies in improving the performances of lithium-oxygen batteries by tailoring the cathodic reactions.

AB - Rechargeable non-aqueous lithium-oxygen batteries with a large theoretical capacity are emerging as a high-energy electrochemical device for sustainable energy strategy. Despite many efforts made to understand the fundamental Li-O2 electrochemistry, the kinetic process of cathodic reactions, associated with the formation and decomposition of a solid Li2O2 phase during charging and discharging, remains debate. Here we report direct visualization of the charge/discharge reactions on a gold cathode in a non-aqueous lithium-oxygen micro-battery using liquid-cell aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combining with synchronized electrochemical measurements. The real-time and real-space characterization by time-resolved STEM reveals the electrochemical correspondence of discharge/charge overpotentials to the nucleation, growth and decomposition of Li2O2 at a constant current density. The nano-scale operando observations would enrich our knowledge on the underlying reaction mechanisms of lithium-oxygen batteries during round-trip discharging and charging and shed lights on the strategies in improving the performances of lithium-oxygen batteries by tailoring the cathodic reactions.

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Operando characterization of cathodic reactions in a liquid-state lithium-oxygen micro-battery by scanning transmission electron microscopy

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