Precipitation profile and dryout concentration of sea-water pool-boiling in 5 × 5 full-height BWR bundle

Masahiro Furuya; Riichiro Okawa; Takahiro Arai; Kenetsu Shirakawa

doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2021.111083

Precipitation profile and dryout concentration of sea-water pool-boiling in 5 × 5 full-height BWR bundle

Masahiro Furuya^*, Riichiro Okawa, Takahiro Arai, Kenetsu Shirakawa

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

Sea water shall be injected into water-cooled nuclear reactors during severe accidents, which are located along coastal side to flood the nuclear fuel, which is heated by residual heat. Precipitation growth to narrower flow path area is a key to gain the confidence of accident mitigation procedure to cool down the reactor core during accidental conditions. A pool boiling experiment was conducted with a simulated 5 × 5 full-height BWR fuel-rod bundle with condensed (two and half times higher concentration) sea water. The temperature on the center rod surface in the top spacer rose rapidly, since the flow area inside the top spacer was filled with the precipitated salt. Dryout below the top spacer escalated temperatures of the heater surface. On the other hand, the heater above the top spacer was cooled stably by pool boiling. An example calculation estimates that the dryout due to salt precipitation may occur 19 h after sea water injection for an ABWR, which had operated at 3.926 GWt for 13 months on the basis of critical dryout concentration of 50 wt%.

Original language	English
Article number	111083
Journal	Nuclear Engineering and Design
Volume	375
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2021.111083
Publication status	Published - 2021 Apr 15
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

BWR fuel bundle
Dryout
Pool boiling
Precipitation
Sea water
Severe accident

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Nuclear Energy and Engineering
Materials Science(all)
Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Waste Management and Disposal
Mechanical Engineering

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10.1016/j.nucengdes.2021.111083

Cite this

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title = "Precipitation profile and dryout concentration of sea-water pool-boiling in 5 × 5 full-height BWR bundle",

abstract = "Sea water shall be injected into water-cooled nuclear reactors during severe accidents, which are located along coastal side to flood the nuclear fuel, which is heated by residual heat. Precipitation growth to narrower flow path area is a key to gain the confidence of accident mitigation procedure to cool down the reactor core during accidental conditions. A pool boiling experiment was conducted with a simulated 5 × 5 full-height BWR fuel-rod bundle with condensed (two and half times higher concentration) sea water. The temperature on the center rod surface in the top spacer rose rapidly, since the flow area inside the top spacer was filled with the precipitated salt. Dryout below the top spacer escalated temperatures of the heater surface. On the other hand, the heater above the top spacer was cooled stably by pool boiling. An example calculation estimates that the dryout due to salt precipitation may occur 19 h after sea water injection for an ABWR, which had operated at 3.926 GWt for 13 months on the basis of critical dryout concentration of 50 wt%.",

keywords = "BWR fuel bundle, Dryout, Pool boiling, Precipitation, Sea water, Severe accident",

author = "Masahiro Furuya and Riichiro Okawa and Takahiro Arai and Kenetsu Shirakawa",

note = "Funding Information: A part of this study was carried out under the auspices of the Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA), Japan. The authors are grateful for many constructive suggestions made by Dr. Akitoshi Hotta, Dr. Miyuki Akiba and Mr. Retsu Kojo of NRA, Japan. Thanks are extended to Mr. Tatsumi Ikeda, Mr. Tsutomu Sakuma and Mr. Hiroaki Maeda of Techno Service Co. Ltd. for helping in the experiments for this study. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier B.V. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

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doi = "10.1016/j.nucengdes.2021.111083",

language = "English",

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T1 - Precipitation profile and dryout concentration of sea-water pool-boiling in 5 × 5 full-height BWR bundle

AU - Furuya, Masahiro

AU - Okawa, Riichiro

AU - Arai, Takahiro

AU - Shirakawa, Kenetsu

N1 - Funding Information: A part of this study was carried out under the auspices of the Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA), Japan. The authors are grateful for many constructive suggestions made by Dr. Akitoshi Hotta, Dr. Miyuki Akiba and Mr. Retsu Kojo of NRA, Japan. Thanks are extended to Mr. Tatsumi Ikeda, Mr. Tsutomu Sakuma and Mr. Hiroaki Maeda of Techno Service Co. Ltd. for helping in the experiments for this study. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier B.V. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2021/4/15

Y1 - 2021/4/15

N2 - Sea water shall be injected into water-cooled nuclear reactors during severe accidents, which are located along coastal side to flood the nuclear fuel, which is heated by residual heat. Precipitation growth to narrower flow path area is a key to gain the confidence of accident mitigation procedure to cool down the reactor core during accidental conditions. A pool boiling experiment was conducted with a simulated 5 × 5 full-height BWR fuel-rod bundle with condensed (two and half times higher concentration) sea water. The temperature on the center rod surface in the top spacer rose rapidly, since the flow area inside the top spacer was filled with the precipitated salt. Dryout below the top spacer escalated temperatures of the heater surface. On the other hand, the heater above the top spacer was cooled stably by pool boiling. An example calculation estimates that the dryout due to salt precipitation may occur 19 h after sea water injection for an ABWR, which had operated at 3.926 GWt for 13 months on the basis of critical dryout concentration of 50 wt%.

AB - Sea water shall be injected into water-cooled nuclear reactors during severe accidents, which are located along coastal side to flood the nuclear fuel, which is heated by residual heat. Precipitation growth to narrower flow path area is a key to gain the confidence of accident mitigation procedure to cool down the reactor core during accidental conditions. A pool boiling experiment was conducted with a simulated 5 × 5 full-height BWR fuel-rod bundle with condensed (two and half times higher concentration) sea water. The temperature on the center rod surface in the top spacer rose rapidly, since the flow area inside the top spacer was filled with the precipitated salt. Dryout below the top spacer escalated temperatures of the heater surface. On the other hand, the heater above the top spacer was cooled stably by pool boiling. An example calculation estimates that the dryout due to salt precipitation may occur 19 h after sea water injection for an ABWR, which had operated at 3.926 GWt for 13 months on the basis of critical dryout concentration of 50 wt%.

KW - BWR fuel bundle

KW - Dryout

KW - Pool boiling

KW - Precipitation

KW - Sea water

KW - Severe accident

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Precipitation profile and dryout concentration of sea-water pool-boiling in 5 × 5 full-height BWR bundle

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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