Precise measurements of the cosmic ray antiproton spectrum with BESS including the effects of solar modulation

J. W. Mitchell; K. Abe; K. Anraku; Y. Asaoka; M. Fujikawa; H. Fuke; S. Haino; T. Hams; N. Ikeda; M. Imori; A. Itazaki; K. Izumi; M. H. Lee; T. Maeno; Y. Makida; S. Matsuda; N. Matsui; T. Matsukawa; H. Matsumoto; H. Matsunaga; T. Mitsui; A. Moiseev; M. Motoki; J. Nishimura; M. Nozaki; H. Omiya; S. Orito; J. F. Ormes; T. Saeki; T. Sanuki; M. Sasaki; E. S. Seo; Y. Shikaze; T. Sonoda; S. A. Stephens; R. E. Streitmatter; J. Suzuki; Y. Takasugi; K. Tanaka; K. Tanizaki; I. Ueda; J. Z. Wang; Y. Yajima; T. Yamagami; A. Yamamoto; Y. Yamamoto; K. Yamato; T. Yoshida; K. Yoshimura

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2003.08.044

Precise measurements of the cosmic ray antiproton spectrum with BESS including the effects of solar modulation

J. W. Mitchell, K. Abe, K. Anraku, Y. Asaoka, M. Fujikawa, H. Fuke, S. Haino, T. Hams, N. Ikeda, M. Imori, A. Itazaki, K. Izumi, M. H. Lee, T. Maeno, Y. Makida, S. Matsuda, N. Matsui, T. Matsukawa, H. Matsumoto, H. MatsunagaT. Mitsui, A. Moiseev, M. Motoki, J. Nishimura, M. Nozaki, H. Omiya, S. Orito, J. F. Ormes, T. Saeki, T. Sanuki, M. Sasaki, E. S. Seo, Y. Shikaze, T. Sonoda, S. A. Stephens, R. E. Streitmatter, J. Suzuki, Y. Takasugi, K. Tanaka, K. Tanizaki, I. Ueda, J. Z. Wang, Y. Yajima, T. Yamagami, A. Yamamoto, Y. Yamamoto, K. Yamato, T. Yoshida, K. Yoshimura

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

8 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The Balloon Borne Experiment with a Superconducting Spectrometer (BESS) has measured the energy spectrum of cosmic-ray antiprotons between 0.18 and 4.20 GeV in eight flights between 1993 and 2002. Above about 1 GeV, models in which antiprotons are secondary products of the interactions of primary cosmic rays with the interstellar gas agree with the BESS antiproton spectrum. Below 1 GeV, the data show a possible excess antiproton flux compared to secondary model predictions, suggesting the presence of an additional source of antiprotons. The antiproton/proton ratios measured between 1993 and 1999, during the Sun's positive-polarity phase, are consistent with simple models of solar modulation. However, results from the 2000 flight, following the solar magnetic field reversal, show a sudden increase in the antiproton/proton ratio and tend to favor a charge-sign-dependent drift model. To extend BESS measurements to lower energies, an evolutionary instrument, BESS-Polar, is under construction for polar flight in 2004.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	135-141
Number of pages	7
Journal	Advances in Space Research
Volume	35
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2003.08.044
Publication status	Published - 2005
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

BESS
Cosmic ray antiproton spectrum
Solar modulation effects

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Aerospace Engineering
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Geophysics
Atmospheric Science
Space and Planetary Science
Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)

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Mitchell, J. W., Abe, K., Anraku, K., Asaoka, Y., Fujikawa, M., Fuke, H., Haino, S., Hams, T., Ikeda, N., Imori, M., Itazaki, A., Izumi, K., Lee, M. H., Maeno, T., Makida, Y., Matsuda, S., Matsui, N., Matsukawa, T., Matsumoto, H., ... Yoshimura, K. (2005). Precise measurements of the cosmic ray antiproton spectrum with BESS including the effects of solar modulation. Advances in Space Research, 35(1), 135-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2003.08.044

Precise measurements of the cosmic ray antiproton spectrum with BESS including the effects of solar modulation. / Mitchell, J. W.; Abe, K.; Anraku, K.; Asaoka, Y.; Fujikawa, M.; Fuke, H.; Haino, S.; Hams, T.; Ikeda, N.; Imori, M.; Itazaki, A.; Izumi, K.; Lee, M. H.; Maeno, T.; Makida, Y.; Matsuda, S.; Matsui, N.; Matsukawa, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Mitsui, T.; Moiseev, A.; Motoki, M.; Nishimura, J.; Nozaki, M.; Omiya, H.; Orito, S.; Ormes, J. F.; Saeki, T.; Sanuki, T.; Sasaki, M.; Seo, E. S.; Shikaze, Y.; Sonoda, T.; Stephens, S. A.; Streitmatter, R. E.; Suzuki, J.; Takasugi, Y.; Tanaka, K.; Tanizaki, K.; Ueda, I.; Wang, J. Z.; Yajima, Y.; Yamagami, T.; Yamamoto, A.; Yamamoto, Y.; Yamato, K.; Yoshida, T.; Yoshimura, K.

In: Advances in Space Research, Vol. 35, No. 1, 2005, p. 135-141.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Mitchell, JW, Abe, K, Anraku, K, Asaoka, Y, Fujikawa, M, Fuke, H, Haino, S, Hams, T, Ikeda, N, Imori, M, Itazaki, A, Izumi, K, Lee, MH, Maeno, T, Makida, Y, Matsuda, S, Matsui, N, Matsukawa, T, Matsumoto, H, Matsunaga, H, Mitsui, T, Moiseev, A, Motoki, M, Nishimura, J, Nozaki, M, Omiya, H, Orito, S, Ormes, JF, Saeki, T, Sanuki, T, Sasaki, M, Seo, ES, Shikaze, Y, Sonoda, T, Stephens, SA, Streitmatter, RE, Suzuki, J, Takasugi, Y, Tanaka, K, Tanizaki, K, Ueda, I, Wang, JZ, Yajima, Y, Yamagami, T, Yamamoto, A, Yamamoto, Y, Yamato, K, Yoshida, T & Yoshimura, K 2005, 'Precise measurements of the cosmic ray antiproton spectrum with BESS including the effects of solar modulation', Advances in Space Research, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 135-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2003.08.044

Mitchell, J. W. ; Abe, K. ; Anraku, K. ; Asaoka, Y. ; Fujikawa, M. ; Fuke, H. ; Haino, S. ; Hams, T. ; Ikeda, N. ; Imori, M. ; Itazaki, A. ; Izumi, K. ; Lee, M. H. ; Maeno, T. ; Makida, Y. ; Matsuda, S. ; Matsui, N. ; Matsukawa, T. ; Matsumoto, H. ; Matsunaga, H. ; Mitsui, T. ; Moiseev, A. ; Motoki, M. ; Nishimura, J. ; Nozaki, M. ; Omiya, H. ; Orito, S. ; Ormes, J. F. ; Saeki, T. ; Sanuki, T. ; Sasaki, M. ; Seo, E. S. ; Shikaze, Y. ; Sonoda, T. ; Stephens, S. A. ; Streitmatter, R. E. ; Suzuki, J. ; Takasugi, Y. ; Tanaka, K. ; Tanizaki, K. ; Ueda, I. ; Wang, J. Z. ; Yajima, Y. ; Yamagami, T. ; Yamamoto, A. ; Yamamoto, Y. ; Yamato, K. ; Yoshida, T. ; Yoshimura, K. / Precise measurements of the cosmic ray antiproton spectrum with BESS including the effects of solar modulation. In: Advances in Space Research. 2005 ; Vol. 35, No. 1. pp. 135-141.

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abstract = "The Balloon Borne Experiment with a Superconducting Spectrometer (BESS) has measured the energy spectrum of cosmic-ray antiprotons between 0.18 and 4.20 GeV in eight flights between 1993 and 2002. Above about 1 GeV, models in which antiprotons are secondary products of the interactions of primary cosmic rays with the interstellar gas agree with the BESS antiproton spectrum. Below 1 GeV, the data show a possible excess antiproton flux compared to secondary model predictions, suggesting the presence of an additional source of antiprotons. The antiproton/proton ratios measured between 1993 and 1999, during the Sun's positive-polarity phase, are consistent with simple models of solar modulation. However, results from the 2000 flight, following the solar magnetic field reversal, show a sudden increase in the antiproton/proton ratio and tend to favor a charge-sign-dependent drift model. To extend BESS measurements to lower energies, an evolutionary instrument, BESS-Polar, is under construction for polar flight in 2004.",

keywords = "BESS, Cosmic ray antiproton spectrum, Solar modulation effects",

author = "Mitchell, {J. W.} and K. Abe and K. Anraku and Y. Asaoka and M. Fujikawa and H. Fuke and S. Haino and T. Hams and N. Ikeda and M. Imori and A. Itazaki and K. Izumi and Lee, {M. H.} and T. Maeno and Y. Makida and S. Matsuda and N. Matsui and T. Matsukawa and H. Matsumoto and H. Matsunaga and T. Mitsui and A. Moiseev and M. Motoki and J. Nishimura and M. Nozaki and H. Omiya and S. Orito and Ormes, {J. F.} and T. Saeki and T. Sanuki and M. Sasaki and Seo, {E. S.} and Y. Shikaze and T. Sonoda and Stephens, {S. A.} and Streitmatter, {R. E.} and J. Suzuki and Y. Takasugi and K. Tanaka and K. Tanizaki and I. Ueda and Wang, {J. Z.} and Y. Yajima and T. Yamagami and A. Yamamoto and Y. Yamamoto and K. Yamato and T. Yoshida and K. Yoshimura",

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AU - Mitchell, J. W.

AU - Abe, K.

AU - Anraku, K.

AU - Asaoka, Y.

AU - Fujikawa, M.

AU - Fuke, H.

AU - Haino, S.

AU - Hams, T.

AU - Ikeda, N.

AU - Imori, M.

AU - Itazaki, A.

AU - Izumi, K.

AU - Lee, M. H.

AU - Maeno, T.

AU - Makida, Y.

AU - Matsuda, S.

AU - Matsui, N.

AU - Matsukawa, T.

AU - Matsumoto, H.

AU - Matsunaga, H.

AU - Mitsui, T.

AU - Moiseev, A.

AU - Motoki, M.

AU - Nishimura, J.

AU - Nozaki, M.

AU - Omiya, H.

AU - Orito, S.

AU - Ormes, J. F.

AU - Saeki, T.

AU - Sanuki, T.

AU - Sasaki, M.

AU - Seo, E. S.

AU - Shikaze, Y.

AU - Sonoda, T.

AU - Stephens, S. A.

AU - Streitmatter, R. E.

AU - Suzuki, J.

AU - Takasugi, Y.

AU - Tanaka, K.

AU - Tanizaki, K.

AU - Ueda, I.

AU - Wang, J. Z.

AU - Yajima, Y.

AU - Yamagami, T.

AU - Yamamoto, A.

AU - Yamamoto, Y.

AU - Yamato, K.

AU - Yoshida, T.

AU - Yoshimura, K.

PY - 2005

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N2 - The Balloon Borne Experiment with a Superconducting Spectrometer (BESS) has measured the energy spectrum of cosmic-ray antiprotons between 0.18 and 4.20 GeV in eight flights between 1993 and 2002. Above about 1 GeV, models in which antiprotons are secondary products of the interactions of primary cosmic rays with the interstellar gas agree with the BESS antiproton spectrum. Below 1 GeV, the data show a possible excess antiproton flux compared to secondary model predictions, suggesting the presence of an additional source of antiprotons. The antiproton/proton ratios measured between 1993 and 1999, during the Sun's positive-polarity phase, are consistent with simple models of solar modulation. However, results from the 2000 flight, following the solar magnetic field reversal, show a sudden increase in the antiproton/proton ratio and tend to favor a charge-sign-dependent drift model. To extend BESS measurements to lower energies, an evolutionary instrument, BESS-Polar, is under construction for polar flight in 2004.

AB - The Balloon Borne Experiment with a Superconducting Spectrometer (BESS) has measured the energy spectrum of cosmic-ray antiprotons between 0.18 and 4.20 GeV in eight flights between 1993 and 2002. Above about 1 GeV, models in which antiprotons are secondary products of the interactions of primary cosmic rays with the interstellar gas agree with the BESS antiproton spectrum. Below 1 GeV, the data show a possible excess antiproton flux compared to secondary model predictions, suggesting the presence of an additional source of antiprotons. The antiproton/proton ratios measured between 1993 and 1999, during the Sun's positive-polarity phase, are consistent with simple models of solar modulation. However, results from the 2000 flight, following the solar magnetic field reversal, show a sudden increase in the antiproton/proton ratio and tend to favor a charge-sign-dependent drift model. To extend BESS measurements to lower energies, an evolutionary instrument, BESS-Polar, is under construction for polar flight in 2004.

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KW - Solar modulation effects

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