Primary proton spectrum between 200 TeV and 1000 TeV observed with the Tibet burst detector and air shower array

M. Amenomori; S. Ayabe; Caidong; Danzengluobu; L. K. Ding; Z. Y. Feng; Y. Fu; H. W. Guo; M. He; K. Hibino; N. Hotta; Q. Huang; A. X. Huo; K. Izu; H. Y. Jia; F. Kajino; K. Kasahara; Y. Katayose; Labaciren; J. Y. Li; H. Lu; S. L. Lu; G. X. Luo; X. R. Meng; K. Mizutani; J. Mu; H. Nanjo; M. Nishizawa; M. Ohnishi; I. Ohta; T. Ouchi; Z. R. Peng; J. R. Ren; T. Saito; M. Sakata; T. Sasaki; Z. Z. Shi; M. Shibata; A. Shiomi; T. Shirai; H. Sugimoto; K. Taira; Y. H. Tan; N. Tateyama; Shoji Torii; T. Utsugi; C. R. Wang; H. Wang; X. W. Xu; Y. Yamamoto; G. C. Yu; A. F. Yuan; T. Yuda; C. S. Zhang; H. M. Zhang; J. L. Zhang; N. J. Zhang; X. Y. Zhang; Zhaxiciren; Zhaxisangzhu

Primary proton spectrum between 200 TeV and 1000 TeV observed with the Tibet burst detector and air shower array

M. Amenomori^*, S. Ayabe, Caidong, Danzengluobu, L. K. Ding, Z. Y. Feng, Y. Fu, H. W. Guo, M. He, K. Hibino, N. Hotta, Q. Huang, A. X. Huo, K. Izu, H. Y. Jia, F. Kajino, K. Kasahara, Y. Katayose, Labaciren, J. Y. LiH. Lu, S. L. Lu, G. X. Luo, X. R. Meng, K. Mizutani, J. Mu, H. Nanjo, M. Nishizawa, M. Ohnishi, I. Ohta, T. Ouchi, Z. R. Peng, J. R. Ren, T. Saito, M. Sakata, T. Sasaki, Z. Z. Shi, M. Shibata, A. Shiomi, T. Shirai, H. Sugimoto, K. Taira, Y. H. Tan, N. Tateyama, Shoji Torii, T. Utsugi, C. R. Wang, H. Wang, X. W. Xu, Y. Yamamoto, G. C. Yu, A. F. Yuan, T. Yuda, C. S. Zhang, H. M. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, N. J. Zhang, X. Y. Zhang, Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

70 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Since 1996, a hybrid experiment consisting of the emulsion chamber and burst detector array and the Tibet-II air-shower array has been operated at Yangbajing (4300 m above sea level, 606 g/cm²) in Tibet. This experiment can detect air-shower cores, called burst events, accompanied by air showers in excess of about 100 TeV. We observed about 4300 burst events accompanied by air showers during 690 days of operation and selected 820 proton-induced events with its primary energy above 200 TeV using a neural network method. Using this data set, we obtained the energy spectrum of primary protons in the energy range from 200 to 1000 TeV. The differential energy spectrum obtained in this energy region can be fitted by a power law with the index of -2.97±0.06, which is steeper than that obtained by direct measurements at lower energies. We also obtained the energy spectrum of helium nuclei at particle energies around 1000 TeV.

Original language	English
Article number	112002
Pages (from-to)	1-13
Number of pages	13
Journal	Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology
Volume	62
Issue number	11
Publication status	Published - 2000 Dec 1
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Physics and Astronomy(all)
Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Mathematical Physics
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)

Cite this

Amenomori, M., Ayabe, S., Caidong, Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Feng, Z. Y., Fu, Y., Guo, H. W., He, M., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Huang, Q., Huo, A. X., Izu, K., Jia, H. Y., Kajino, F., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Labaciren, ... Zhaxisangzhu (2000). Primary proton spectrum between 200 TeV and 1000 TeV observed with the Tibet burst detector and air shower array. Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology, 62(11), 1-13. [112002].

Primary proton spectrum between 200 TeV and 1000 TeV observed with the Tibet burst detector and air shower array. / Amenomori, M.; Ayabe, S.; Caidong; Danzengluobu; Ding, L. K.; Feng, Z. Y.; Fu, Y.; Guo, H. W.; He, M.; Hibino, K.; Hotta, N.; Huang, Q.; Huo, A. X.; Izu, K.; Jia, H. Y.; Kajino, F.; Kasahara, K.; Katayose, Y.; Labaciren; Li, J. Y.; Lu, H.; Lu, S. L.; Luo, G. X.; Meng, X. R.; Mizutani, K.; Mu, J.; Nanjo, H.; Nishizawa, M.; Ohnishi, M.; Ohta, I.; Ouchi, T.; Peng, Z. R.; Ren, J. R.; Saito, T.; Sakata, M.; Sasaki, T.; Shi, Z. Z.; Shibata, M.; Shiomi, A.; Shirai, T.; Sugimoto, H.; Taira, K.; Tan, Y. H.; Tateyama, N.; Torii, Shoji; Utsugi, T.; Wang, C. R.; Wang, H.; Xu, X. W.; Yamamoto, Y.; Yu, G. C.; Yuan, A. F.; Yuda, T.; Zhang, C. S.; Zhang, H. M.; Zhang, J. L.; Zhang, N. J.; Zhang, X. Y.; Zhaxiciren; Zhaxisangzhu.

In: Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology, Vol. 62, No. 11, 112002, 01.12.2000, p. 1-13.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Amenomori, M, Ayabe, S, Caidong, Danzengluobu, Ding, LK, Feng, ZY, Fu, Y, Guo, HW, He, M, Hibino, K, Hotta, N, Huang, Q, Huo, AX, Izu, K, Jia, HY, Kajino, F, Kasahara, K, Katayose, Y, Labaciren, Li, JY, Lu, H, Lu, SL, Luo, GX, Meng, XR, Mizutani, K, Mu, J, Nanjo, H, Nishizawa, M, Ohnishi, M, Ohta, I, Ouchi, T, Peng, ZR, Ren, JR, Saito, T, Sakata, M, Sasaki, T, Shi, ZZ, Shibata, M, Shiomi, A, Shirai, T, Sugimoto, H, Taira, K, Tan, YH, Tateyama, N, Torii, S, Utsugi, T, Wang, CR, Wang, H, Xu, XW, Yamamoto, Y, Yu, GC, Yuan, AF, Yuda, T, Zhang, CS, Zhang, HM, Zhang, JL, Zhang, NJ, Zhang, XY, Zhaxiciren & Zhaxisangzhu 2000, 'Primary proton spectrum between 200 TeV and 1000 TeV observed with the Tibet burst detector and air shower array', Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology, vol. 62, no. 11, 112002, pp. 1-13.

Amenomori, M. ; Ayabe, S. ; Caidong ; Danzengluobu ; Ding, L. K. ; Feng, Z. Y. ; Fu, Y. ; Guo, H. W. ; He, M. ; Hibino, K. ; Hotta, N. ; Huang, Q. ; Huo, A. X. ; Izu, K. ; Jia, H. Y. ; Kajino, F. ; Kasahara, K. ; Katayose, Y. ; Labaciren ; Li, J. Y. ; Lu, H. ; Lu, S. L. ; Luo, G. X. ; Meng, X. R. ; Mizutani, K. ; Mu, J. ; Nanjo, H. ; Nishizawa, M. ; Ohnishi, M. ; Ohta, I. ; Ouchi, T. ; Peng, Z. R. ; Ren, J. R. ; Saito, T. ; Sakata, M. ; Sasaki, T. ; Shi, Z. Z. ; Shibata, M. ; Shiomi, A. ; Shirai, T. ; Sugimoto, H. ; Taira, K. ; Tan, Y. H. ; Tateyama, N. ; Torii, Shoji ; Utsugi, T. ; Wang, C. R. ; Wang, H. ; Xu, X. W. ; Yamamoto, Y. ; Yu, G. C. ; Yuan, A. F. ; Yuda, T. ; Zhang, C. S. ; Zhang, H. M. ; Zhang, J. L. ; Zhang, N. J. ; Zhang, X. Y. ; Zhaxiciren ; Zhaxisangzhu. / Primary proton spectrum between 200 TeV and 1000 TeV observed with the Tibet burst detector and air shower array. In: Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology. 2000 ; Vol. 62, No. 11. pp. 1-13.

@article{4a625b2c04d1408fa4e45698c5f8678c,

title = "Primary proton spectrum between 200 TeV and 1000 TeV observed with the Tibet burst detector and air shower array",

abstract = "Since 1996, a hybrid experiment consisting of the emulsion chamber and burst detector array and the Tibet-II air-shower array has been operated at Yangbajing (4300 m above sea level, 606 g/cm2) in Tibet. This experiment can detect air-shower cores, called burst events, accompanied by air showers in excess of about 100 TeV. We observed about 4300 burst events accompanied by air showers during 690 days of operation and selected 820 proton-induced events with its primary energy above 200 TeV using a neural network method. Using this data set, we obtained the energy spectrum of primary protons in the energy range from 200 to 1000 TeV. The differential energy spectrum obtained in this energy region can be fitted by a power law with the index of -2.97±0.06, which is steeper than that obtained by direct measurements at lower energies. We also obtained the energy spectrum of helium nuclei at particle energies around 1000 TeV.",

author = "M. Amenomori and S. Ayabe and Caidong and Danzengluobu and Ding, {L. K.} and Feng, {Z. Y.} and Y. Fu and Guo, {H. W.} and M. He and K. Hibino and N. Hotta and Q. Huang and Huo, {A. X.} and K. Izu and Jia, {H. Y.} and F. Kajino and K. Kasahara and Y. Katayose and Labaciren and Li, {J. Y.} and H. Lu and Lu, {S. L.} and Luo, {G. X.} and Meng, {X. R.} and K. Mizutani and J. Mu and H. Nanjo and M. Nishizawa and M. Ohnishi and I. Ohta and T. Ouchi and Peng, {Z. R.} and Ren, {J. R.} and T. Saito and M. Sakata and T. Sasaki and Shi, {Z. Z.} and M. Shibata and A. Shiomi and T. Shirai and H. Sugimoto and K. Taira and Tan, {Y. H.} and N. Tateyama and Shoji Torii and T. Utsugi and Wang, {C. R.} and H. Wang and Xu, {X. W.} and Y. Yamamoto and Yu, {G. C.} and Yuan, {A. F.} and T. Yuda and Zhang, {C. S.} and Zhang, {H. M.} and Zhang, {J. L.} and Zhang, {N. J.} and Zhang, {X. Y.} and Zhaxiciren and Zhaxisangzhu",

year = "2000",

month = dec,

day = "1",

language = "English",

volume = "62",

pages = "1--13",

journal = "Physical review D: Particles and fields",

issn = "0556-2821",

publisher = "American Institute of Physics Publising LLC",

number = "11",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Primary proton spectrum between 200 TeV and 1000 TeV observed with the Tibet burst detector and air shower array

AU - Amenomori, M.

AU - Ayabe, S.

AU - Caidong,

AU - Danzengluobu,

AU - Ding, L. K.

AU - Feng, Z. Y.

AU - Fu, Y.

AU - Guo, H. W.

AU - He, M.

AU - Hibino, K.

AU - Hotta, N.

AU - Huang, Q.

AU - Huo, A. X.

AU - Izu, K.

AU - Jia, H. Y.

AU - Kajino, F.

AU - Kasahara, K.

AU - Katayose, Y.

AU - Labaciren,

AU - Li, J. Y.

AU - Lu, H.

AU - Lu, S. L.

AU - Luo, G. X.

AU - Meng, X. R.

AU - Mizutani, K.

AU - Mu, J.

AU - Nanjo, H.

AU - Nishizawa, M.

AU - Ohnishi, M.

AU - Ohta, I.

AU - Ouchi, T.

AU - Peng, Z. R.

AU - Ren, J. R.

AU - Saito, T.

AU - Sakata, M.

AU - Sasaki, T.

AU - Shi, Z. Z.

AU - Shibata, M.

AU - Shiomi, A.

AU - Shirai, T.

AU - Sugimoto, H.

AU - Taira, K.

AU - Tan, Y. H.

AU - Tateyama, N.

AU - Torii, Shoji

AU - Utsugi, T.

AU - Wang, C. R.

AU - Wang, H.

AU - Xu, X. W.

AU - Yamamoto, Y.

AU - Yu, G. C.

AU - Yuan, A. F.

AU - Yuda, T.

AU - Zhang, C. S.

AU - Zhang, H. M.

AU - Zhang, J. L.

AU - Zhang, N. J.

AU - Zhang, X. Y.

AU - Zhaxiciren,

AU - Zhaxisangzhu,

PY - 2000/12/1

Y1 - 2000/12/1

N2 - Since 1996, a hybrid experiment consisting of the emulsion chamber and burst detector array and the Tibet-II air-shower array has been operated at Yangbajing (4300 m above sea level, 606 g/cm2) in Tibet. This experiment can detect air-shower cores, called burst events, accompanied by air showers in excess of about 100 TeV. We observed about 4300 burst events accompanied by air showers during 690 days of operation and selected 820 proton-induced events with its primary energy above 200 TeV using a neural network method. Using this data set, we obtained the energy spectrum of primary protons in the energy range from 200 to 1000 TeV. The differential energy spectrum obtained in this energy region can be fitted by a power law with the index of -2.97±0.06, which is steeper than that obtained by direct measurements at lower energies. We also obtained the energy spectrum of helium nuclei at particle energies around 1000 TeV.

AB - Since 1996, a hybrid experiment consisting of the emulsion chamber and burst detector array and the Tibet-II air-shower array has been operated at Yangbajing (4300 m above sea level, 606 g/cm2) in Tibet. This experiment can detect air-shower cores, called burst events, accompanied by air showers in excess of about 100 TeV. We observed about 4300 burst events accompanied by air showers during 690 days of operation and selected 820 proton-induced events with its primary energy above 200 TeV using a neural network method. Using this data set, we obtained the energy spectrum of primary protons in the energy range from 200 to 1000 TeV. The differential energy spectrum obtained in this energy region can be fitted by a power law with the index of -2.97±0.06, which is steeper than that obtained by direct measurements at lower energies. We also obtained the energy spectrum of helium nuclei at particle energies around 1000 TeV.

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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=16644387261&partnerID=8YFLogxK

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:16644387261

VL - 62

SP - 1

EP - 13

JO - Physical review D: Particles and fields

JF - Physical review D: Particles and fields

SN - 0556-2821

IS - 11

M1 - 112002

ER -

Primary proton spectrum between 200 TeV and 1000 TeV observed with the Tibet burst detector and air shower array

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