TY - JOUR
T1 - Strong influence of dietary intake and physical activity on body fatness in elderly Japanese men
T2 - Age-associated loss of polygenic resistance against obesity
AU - Tanisawa, Kumpei
AU - Ito, Tomoko
AU - Sun, Xiaomin
AU - Ise, Ryuken
AU - Oshima, Satomi
AU - Cao, Zhen Bo
AU - Sakamoto, Shizuo
AU - Tanaka, Masashi
AU - Higuchi, Mitsuru
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank Hiroshi Kaw-ano, Yuko Gando, Ryoko Kawakami, Takafumi Ando, Taishi Susa, and Yuko Kobayashi for their assistance. This study was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for the Global COE (Sport Sciences for the Promotion of Active Life to Waseda University) (to MT and MH), Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A-22240072, A-25242062, B-21390459, C-21590411 and C-26461480 to M.T.), and a Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research (26670481 to M.T.) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology; by Grants-in-Aid for Research on Intractable Diseases (Mitochondrial Disorders) from the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare of Japan (23-016, 23-116 and 24-005 to M.T.); by grants for scientific research from the Takeda Science Foundation (to M.T.); and by a grant for strategic research initiatives (Paradigm shifts in a super-aged society) from Waseda University (to MH).
PY - 2014/9
Y1 - 2014/9
N2 - Genome-wide association studies identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with body mass index (BMI) in middle-aged populations; however, it is unclear whether these SNPs are associated with body fatness in elderly people. We examined the association between genetic risk score (GRS) from BMI-associated SNPs and body fatness in elderly Japanese men. We also examined the contribution of GRS, dietary macronutrient intake, and physical activity to body fatness by different age groups. GRS was calculated from 10 BMI-associated SNPs in 84 middle-aged (30-64 years) and 97 elderly (65-79 years) Japanese men; subjects were divided into low, middle, and high GRS groups. Dietary macronutrient intake was assessed using a questionnaire, and physical activity was evaluated using both a questionnaire and an accelerometer. The middle-aged individuals with a high GRS had greater BMI; waist circumference; and total abdominal fat, visceral fat, and subcutaneous fat areas than the middle-aged individuals with low GRS, whereas the indicators were not different between the GRS groups in elderly individuals. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that GRS was the strongest predictor of BMI, total abdominal fat, and visceral fat in the middle-aged group, whereas fat, alcohol, and protein intakes or vigorous-intensity physical activity were more strongly associated with these indicators than was GRS in the elderly group. These results suggest that GRS from BMI-associated SNPs is not predictive of body fatness in elderly Japanese men. The stronger contribution of dietary macronutrient intake and physical activity to body fatness may attenuate the genetic predisposition in elderly men.
AB - Genome-wide association studies identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with body mass index (BMI) in middle-aged populations; however, it is unclear whether these SNPs are associated with body fatness in elderly people. We examined the association between genetic risk score (GRS) from BMI-associated SNPs and body fatness in elderly Japanese men. We also examined the contribution of GRS, dietary macronutrient intake, and physical activity to body fatness by different age groups. GRS was calculated from 10 BMI-associated SNPs in 84 middle-aged (30-64 years) and 97 elderly (65-79 years) Japanese men; subjects were divided into low, middle, and high GRS groups. Dietary macronutrient intake was assessed using a questionnaire, and physical activity was evaluated using both a questionnaire and an accelerometer. The middle-aged individuals with a high GRS had greater BMI; waist circumference; and total abdominal fat, visceral fat, and subcutaneous fat areas than the middle-aged individuals with low GRS, whereas the indicators were not different between the GRS groups in elderly individuals. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that GRS was the strongest predictor of BMI, total abdominal fat, and visceral fat in the middle-aged group, whereas fat, alcohol, and protein intakes or vigorous-intensity physical activity were more strongly associated with these indicators than was GRS in the elderly group. These results suggest that GRS from BMI-associated SNPs is not predictive of body fatness in elderly Japanese men. The stronger contribution of dietary macronutrient intake and physical activity to body fatness may attenuate the genetic predisposition in elderly men.
KW - Aging
KW - Body fatness
KW - Dietary macronutrient intake
KW - Genetic risk score
KW - Physical activity
KW - SNP
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U2 - 10.1007/s12263-014-0416-4
DO - 10.1007/s12263-014-0416-4
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84905723311
VL - 9
JO - Genes and Nutrition
JF - Genes and Nutrition
SN - 1555-8932
IS - 5
M1 - 416
ER -