TY - JOUR
T1 - Ambitious EV policy expedites the e-waste and socio-environmental impacts in India
AU - Asokan, Vivek Anand
AU - Teah, Heng Yi
AU - Kawazu, Erin
AU - Hotta, Yasuhiko
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2023/3
Y1 - 2023/3
N2 - There is limited knowledge on the potential impacts of electric vehicle (EV) deployment in developing countries to date. India is a rapidly industrializing country with a national policy to promote EVs, but does not have the waste management infrastructure to process battery waste. Through a model analysis for India, we projected that the sale of two-wheeler EVs will peak in 2030 at around 20 million units while the sale of four-wheeler EVs will steadily increase to 10 million units in 2050. Meanwhile, the volume of lead-acid battery waste is projected to peak in 2027, and lithium-ion battery waste from two-wheelers and four-wheelers will exceed 500 kilotons in 2044 and 1000 kilotons in 2050, respectively. Given these projections, it is imperative to create a safe environment for workers and surrounding communities, an extended producer responsibility (EPR) system and a national mechanism to track waste crimes related to batteries in the future.
AB - There is limited knowledge on the potential impacts of electric vehicle (EV) deployment in developing countries to date. India is a rapidly industrializing country with a national policy to promote EVs, but does not have the waste management infrastructure to process battery waste. Through a model analysis for India, we projected that the sale of two-wheeler EVs will peak in 2030 at around 20 million units while the sale of four-wheeler EVs will steadily increase to 10 million units in 2050. Meanwhile, the volume of lead-acid battery waste is projected to peak in 2027, and lithium-ion battery waste from two-wheelers and four-wheelers will exceed 500 kilotons in 2044 and 1000 kilotons in 2050, respectively. Given these projections, it is imperative to create a safe environment for workers and surrounding communities, an extended producer responsibility (EPR) system and a national mechanism to track waste crimes related to batteries in the future.
KW - Battery waste
KW - Developing countries
KW - Electric vehicle
KW - India
KW - Socio-environmental impacts
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U2 - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106829
DO - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106829
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85145273743
SN - 0921-3449
VL - 190
JO - Resources, Conservation and Recycling
JF - Resources, Conservation and Recycling
M1 - 106829
ER -
