TY - JOUR
T1 - Development of 64-channel LSI with ultrafast analog and digital signal processing dedicated for photon-counting computed tomography with multi-pixel photon counter
AU - Arimoto, Makoto
AU - Sato, Daichi
AU - Mizuno, Tomoya
AU - Yoshiura, Kotaro
AU - Ishiguro, Kairi
AU - Tomoda, Takahiro
AU - Kawashima, Hiroki
AU - Kobayashi, Satoshi
AU - Kataoka, Jun
AU - Sagisaka, Mayu
AU - Ikeda, Hirokazu
AU - Terazawa, Shinsuke
AU - Shiota, Satoshi
N1 - Funding Information:
We gratefully acknowledge financial support from JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP19H04483 , JP19K22924 , JST ERATO Grant Number JPMJER2102 , the Naito Foundation, the Uehara Memorial Foundation, the Casio Science Promotion Foundation , and the JSPS Leading Initiative for Excellent Young Researchers program .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2023/2
Y1 - 2023/2
N2 - X-ray computed tomography (CT) is non destructive visualization inside the human body. Recently, X-ray photon-counting CT (PC-CT) has drawn attention for reducing the high doses used for patients and acquiring spectral information to identify materials. To enable photon-counting imaging with a wide region (∼60 mm long) of a small animal, we developed a photon-counting system using a 64-channel multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC) array with a fast temporal response (a few nanoseconds) and a very large signal gain (∼106), combined with a 64-channel yttrium–gadolinium–aluminum–gallium garnet scintillator array. In particular, to realize ultra-fast analog and digital signal processing (>10 MHz/channel), we developed a 64-channel large-scale integrated circuit (LSI) named MPPC-CT64. We had previously developed a 16-channel PC-CT system with a 16-channel LSI (MPPC-CT16). Although the MPPC-CT16 realized photon-counting imaging for a ∼16-mm-long phantom, there were some energy uncertainties in the LSI, which degraded the obtained CT image quality. The MPPC-CT64 implements a function for correcting the threshold energies and also increases the number of energy thresholds from four to six, which provides more precise measurements of CT values dependent on X-ray energy. In this paper, we briefly present the electric architecture and performance evaluation of the LSI combined with MPPCs.
AB - X-ray computed tomography (CT) is non destructive visualization inside the human body. Recently, X-ray photon-counting CT (PC-CT) has drawn attention for reducing the high doses used for patients and acquiring spectral information to identify materials. To enable photon-counting imaging with a wide region (∼60 mm long) of a small animal, we developed a photon-counting system using a 64-channel multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC) array with a fast temporal response (a few nanoseconds) and a very large signal gain (∼106), combined with a 64-channel yttrium–gadolinium–aluminum–gallium garnet scintillator array. In particular, to realize ultra-fast analog and digital signal processing (>10 MHz/channel), we developed a 64-channel large-scale integrated circuit (LSI) named MPPC-CT64. We had previously developed a 16-channel PC-CT system with a 16-channel LSI (MPPC-CT16). Although the MPPC-CT16 realized photon-counting imaging for a ∼16-mm-long phantom, there were some energy uncertainties in the LSI, which degraded the obtained CT image quality. The MPPC-CT64 implements a function for correcting the threshold energies and also increases the number of energy thresholds from four to six, which provides more precise measurements of CT values dependent on X-ray energy. In this paper, we briefly present the electric architecture and performance evaluation of the LSI combined with MPPCs.
KW - ASIC
KW - LSI
KW - MPPC
KW - X-ray
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U2 - 10.1016/j.nima.2022.167721
DO - 10.1016/j.nima.2022.167721
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85142800398
SN - 0168-9002
VL - 1047
JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
M1 - 167721
ER -