@article{a0cefc390b054f9f95b5729055c1d018,
title = "Effect of anions on bipolaron formation in ionic-liquid-gated transistors fabricated with poly(2, 5-bis(3-hexadecylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3, 2-b]thiophene) (PBTTT-C16)",
abstract = "The type of carrier, polaron and bipolaron, generated in PBTTT-C16 ionic-liquid-gated transistors fabricated with [EMIM][TFSI] or [EMIM][FAP] was identified using Raman spectroscopy. Doping levels were obtained from electrochemical measurements. As the doping level increased, positive polarons were formed; positive bipolarons were then formed and dominant. The critical doping level of the polaron-to-bipolaron transition was 4.5 and 12mol %/π electron for [EMIM][TFSI] and [EMIM][FAP], respectively. The large anion FAP- impeded the bipolaron formation even at a high doping level.",
keywords = "Bipolaron, Ionic liquid, Polaron",
author = "Ippei Enokida and Yukio Furukawa",
note = "Funding Information: This work was financially supported in part by a Waseda University Grant for Special Research Project (Project number: 2016K-206). I. Enokida acknowledges the Leading Graduate Program in Science and Engineering, Waseda University from MEXT, Japan. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 The Chemical Society of Japan.",
year = "2019",
doi = "10.1246/cl.190039",
language = "English",
volume = "48",
pages = "498--501",
journal = "Chemistry Letters",
issn = "0366-7022",
publisher = "Chemical Society of Japan",
number = "5",
}