@article{66db42133b234bf5b956a4366d70acbc,
title = "Evaluation of a sensor system for detecting humans trapped under rubble: A pilot study",
abstract = "Rapid localization of injured survivors by rescue teams to prevent death is a major issue. In this paper, a sensor system for human rescue including three different types of sensors, a CO2 sensor, a thermal camera, and a microphone, is proposed. The performance of this system in detecting living victims under the rubble has been tested in a high-fidelity simulated disaster area. Results show that the CO2 sensor is useful to effectively reduce the possible concerned area, while the thermal camera can confirm the correct position of the victim. Moreover, it is believed that the use of microphones in connection with other sensors would be of great benefit for the detection of casualties. In this work, an algorithm to recognize voices or suspected human noise under rubble has also been developed and tested.",
keywords = "Earthquake rescue, Gas sensor, Life detection, Thermal vision camera, Voice recognition",
author = "Di Zhang and Salvatore Sessa and Ritaro Kasai and Sarah Cosentino and Cimarelli Giacomo and Yasuaki Mochida and Hiroya Yamada and Michele Guarnieri and Atsuo Takanishi",
note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgments: This study was partially supported by the Research Institute of Science and Engineering, Waseda University. This research has been supported by the HiBot Corporation and the Consolidated Research Institute for Advanced Science and Medical Care, Waseda University. We thank the team from the Singapore Civil Defence Force, in particular the Assistant Commissioner Ling Young Ern (Director Operations Department Singapore Civil Defence Force) and Captain Clara Toh (Commander, Banyan Fire Station Singapore Civil Defence Force), who provided great insight and expertise. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",
year = "2018",
month = mar,
day = "13",
doi = "10.3390/s18030852",
language = "English",
volume = "18",
journal = "Sensors (Switzerland)",
issn = "1424-3210",
publisher = "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)",
number = "3",
}