High-speed processing by autonomous decentralized architecture and decentralized algorithm in a wired-and-wireless integrated IC card ticket system

Automatic Fare Collection Systems (AFCSs) require high speed and high reliability. The automatic fare collection gates (AFCGs) must let the passengers pass as quickly as possible because the congested passengers rush to them during rush hours. High-speed processing on wireless communications lowers reliability. It had been a problem when East Japan Railway Company was developing a wireless IC card ticket system. "Autonomous Decentralized Processing Technology" and "Decentralized Algorithm on the Fare Calculations with an IC Card and AFCGs" were designed as the solutions. This paper introduces the two models - the decentralized process and the centralized one - to simulate the performances and shows the satisfactory results on the decentralized one. These technologies are implemented to the practical "Suica" system and have proven the effectiveness.