TY - JOUR
T1 - Landscape of Architecture and Design Patterns for IoT Systems
AU - Washizaki, Hironori
AU - Ogata, Shinpei
AU - Hazeyama, Atsuo
AU - Okubo, Takao
AU - Fernandez, Eduardo B.
AU - Yoshioka, Nobukazu
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received November 16, 2019; revised May 14, 2020; accepted June 3, 2020. Date of publication June 18, 2020; date of current version October 9, 2020. This work was supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI under Grant 16H02804 and Grant 17K00475, and in part by SCAT and enPiT-Pro Smart SE. (Corresponding author: Hironori Washizaki.) Hironori Washizaki is with the Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 1698555, Japan, also with the National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan, also with System Information Company Ltd., Tokyo 104-0054, Japan, and also with eXmotion Company Ltd., Tokyo 141-0032, Japan (e-mail: washizaki@waseda.jp).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 IEEE.
PY - 2020/10
Y1 - 2020/10
N2 - Due to the widespread proliferation of today's Internet of Things (IoT), a system designer needs the IoT system and software design patterns to assist in designing scalable and replicable solutions. Patterns are encapsulations of reusable common problems and solutions under specific contexts. Many IoT patterns have been published, such as IoT design patterns and IoT architecture patterns to document the successes (and failures) in IoT systems and software development. However, because these patterns are not well classified, their adoption does not live up to their potential. To understand the reasons, we conducted a systematic literature review. From the 32 identified papers, 143 IoT architecture and design patterns were extracted. We analyzed these patterns according to several characteristics and outlined directions for improvements when publishing and adopting IoT patterns. Of the extracted patterns, 57% are non-IoT patterns, suggesting that IoT systems and software are often designed via conventional architecture and design patterns that are not specific to IoT design. Although most IoT design patterns are applicable to any domain, IoT architecture patterns tend to be domain specific, implying that the unique nature of IoT adoption in specific domains appears at the architecture level. As more domains adopt IoT, the number of domain-specific IoT design patterns should increase. In terms of quality attributes, many IoT patterns address compatibility, security, and maintainability.
AB - Due to the widespread proliferation of today's Internet of Things (IoT), a system designer needs the IoT system and software design patterns to assist in designing scalable and replicable solutions. Patterns are encapsulations of reusable common problems and solutions under specific contexts. Many IoT patterns have been published, such as IoT design patterns and IoT architecture patterns to document the successes (and failures) in IoT systems and software development. However, because these patterns are not well classified, their adoption does not live up to their potential. To understand the reasons, we conducted a systematic literature review. From the 32 identified papers, 143 IoT architecture and design patterns were extracted. We analyzed these patterns according to several characteristics and outlined directions for improvements when publishing and adopting IoT patterns. Of the extracted patterns, 57% are non-IoT patterns, suggesting that IoT systems and software are often designed via conventional architecture and design patterns that are not specific to IoT design. Although most IoT design patterns are applicable to any domain, IoT architecture patterns tend to be domain specific, implying that the unique nature of IoT adoption in specific domains appears at the architecture level. As more domains adopt IoT, the number of domain-specific IoT design patterns should increase. In terms of quality attributes, many IoT patterns address compatibility, security, and maintainability.
KW - Architecture
KW - Internet of Things (IoT)
KW - design
KW - patterns
KW - survey
KW - systematic literature review (SLR)
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U2 - 10.1109/JIOT.2020.3003528
DO - 10.1109/JIOT.2020.3003528
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85092691917
SN - 2327-4662
VL - 7
SP - 10091
EP - 10101
JO - IEEE Internet of Things Journal
JF - IEEE Internet of Things Journal
IS - 10
M1 - 9120234
ER -