抄録
All modern organisms on Earth share a common mechanism for replication and expression of genetic material. Given the complexity of the genetic mechanism, it seems unlikely that the same construct developed independently in different organisms. Therefore, a reasonable hypothesis is that all modern organisms on Earth are descendants of a single common ancestral organism, and the common ancestor already had the basic genetic mechanism found in modern organisms. A phylogenetic tree that illustrates the evolutionary paths of organisms also shows that all existing organisms originate from a single root that is located between the last common archaeal and bacterial ancestors. Recently published articles on the universal ancestor suggest that it was an anaerobic autotroph dependent on H2 and CO2 from geochemical sources and surrounded by a cell membrane similar to those found in modern bacteria and eukaryotes. In contrast to conflicting conclusions of in silico studies on the environmental temperature of the universal ancestor, reconstruction of ancestral protein sequences and characterization of their properties in vitro suggest that the universal ancestor was a thermophile or hyperthermophile that thrived at a very high temperature. Future research may continue to revise these predictions of features associated with the universal ancestor.
| 元の言語 | English |
|---|---|
| ホスト出版物のタイトル | Astrobiology |
| ホスト出版物のサブタイトル | From the Origins of Life to the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence |
| 出版者 | Springer Singapore |
| ページ | 91-103 |
| ページ数 | 13 |
| ISBN（電子版） | 9789811336393 |
| ISBN（印刷物） | 9789811336386 |
| DOI | |
| 出版物ステータス | Published - 2019 1 1 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all)
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Immunology and Microbiology(all)
- Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)
これを引用
The common ancestor of all modern life. / Akanuma, Satoshi.
Astrobiology: From the Origins of Life to the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence. Springer Singapore, 2019. p. 91-103.研究成果: Chapter
}
TY - CHAP
T1 - The common ancestor of all modern life
AU - Akanuma, Satoshi
PY - 2019/1/1
Y1 - 2019/1/1
N2 - All modern organisms on Earth share a common mechanism for replication and expression of genetic material. Given the complexity of the genetic mechanism, it seems unlikely that the same construct developed independently in different organisms. Therefore, a reasonable hypothesis is that all modern organisms on Earth are descendants of a single common ancestral organism, and the common ancestor already had the basic genetic mechanism found in modern organisms. A phylogenetic tree that illustrates the evolutionary paths of organisms also shows that all existing organisms originate from a single root that is located between the last common archaeal and bacterial ancestors. Recently published articles on the universal ancestor suggest that it was an anaerobic autotroph dependent on H2 and CO2 from geochemical sources and surrounded by a cell membrane similar to those found in modern bacteria and eukaryotes. In contrast to conflicting conclusions of in silico studies on the environmental temperature of the universal ancestor, reconstruction of ancestral protein sequences and characterization of their properties in vitro suggest that the universal ancestor was a thermophile or hyperthermophile that thrived at a very high temperature. Future research may continue to revise these predictions of features associated with the universal ancestor.
AB - All modern organisms on Earth share a common mechanism for replication and expression of genetic material. Given the complexity of the genetic mechanism, it seems unlikely that the same construct developed independently in different organisms. Therefore, a reasonable hypothesis is that all modern organisms on Earth are descendants of a single common ancestral organism, and the common ancestor already had the basic genetic mechanism found in modern organisms. A phylogenetic tree that illustrates the evolutionary paths of organisms also shows that all existing organisms originate from a single root that is located between the last common archaeal and bacterial ancestors. Recently published articles on the universal ancestor suggest that it was an anaerobic autotroph dependent on H2 and CO2 from geochemical sources and surrounded by a cell membrane similar to those found in modern bacteria and eukaryotes. In contrast to conflicting conclusions of in silico studies on the environmental temperature of the universal ancestor, reconstruction of ancestral protein sequences and characterization of their properties in vitro suggest that the universal ancestor was a thermophile or hyperthermophile that thrived at a very high temperature. Future research may continue to revise these predictions of features associated with the universal ancestor.
KW - Anaerobic autotroph
KW - Ancestral sequence reconstruction
KW - Cell membrane
KW - Single ancestry
KW - Thermophilicity
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85064371941&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-981-13-3639-3_7
DO - 10.1007/978-981-13-3639-3_7
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85064371941
SN - 9789811336386
SP - 91
EP - 103
BT - Astrobiology
PB - Springer Singapore
ER -